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2.2. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS 2. HYDROGEN RADICAL ASSISTED METHANATION present, a magnetic field is used to confine the electrons and with them ions into a circular column. This confinement leads to increase in the local density in expansion, especially when H2 is present, resulting in increased rates of chemical reactions. Ar/H2 1 AC A C 3 B A CO /CO 2 2 Figure 2.1: A schematic of longitudinal cross-section of the plasma jet setup ad- apted from [96]. The locations are: 1 is where the feed gases are injected into the cascaded arc (plasma source). 2 is where molecules (CO2 and CO) are injected in the background. 3 is where the IR absorption measurements are performed. 4 is the location where samples are collected for QMS. Distance between arc and the end of the reactor is around 60cm. Examples for surface reactions depicted here encom- pass formation of AB from A(s) and B(g) and AC from A(s) and C(s). Details are listed in table 2.7. Infrared laser absorption spectroscopy (IRLAS) has been used to measure the species densities inside the reactor using a lead salt tunable diode laser (TDL) set up. Details of such a diagnostic approach can be found elsewhere [93, 97–99]. By contrast to earlier IRLAS measurements done on this reactor [93] a multi-pass cell was attached to the plasma reactor to increase the effective absorption length to 9.2 m. Molecular densit- ies were measured at a distance from the arc where density and temperature gradients were less pronounced by passing the laser beam at the end of the plasma jet, i.e at loc- ation 3 in figure 2.1, perpendicular to the crossection shown. Therefore an effective gas temperature along the line of sight, determined from the ratio of several ro-vibrational CO2 transitions, was used to correct the molecular line parameters given in the HITRAN database for 296K [100, 101]. Quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS) has been used to measure homo-nuclear diat- omic species like O2 and H2 that cannot be monitored by IRLAS and as a supplementary AB 21PDF Image | Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmas
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