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3. PROPERTIES OF MICRO-DISCHARGES 3.1. INTRODUCTION that is, α follows a straight line with Espec on a log-log plot (shown in figure 3.8). Similar scaling behavior has bee reported by Aerts et al [62] but only at one frequency and at atmospheric pressure. However, Aerts et al report significant deviation from this behavior at very high values of α, where the gas composition is no longer purely CO2. These observations raise two important questions: Firstly, Can this apparent depend- ence of conversion efficiency explicitly only on Espec be extended to a single filament, if so why? Secondly, what is the microscopic basis for the functional dependence ob- served? To answer the first question a DBD reactor in pin-pin configuration (described in section 3.2.1, see figure 3.2) has been built and CO produced from CO2 is measured us- ing infra-red absorption spectroscopy at various applied voltages (Uappl), pressures, and flows. This configuration is chosen to confine the filament(s) to a known location. Also, the limited space available will reduce the number of filaments, thus ensuring that each independent filament can still be resolved either by electrical characterization, optical characterization or both. The strategy to isolate single filaments and study the funda- mental aspects of a DBD is widely used; for an extensive review on this topic please refer to [129] and references therein. Also, by studying a localized filaments, an easy link can be made to computationally tractable fluid models (for example, [130]). Hence, answer for why part of the first question is reserved for the next chapter where a fluid model is employed to study the mechanisms behind the CO2 dissociation in a DBD. In this chapter, a few hypotheses to answer the second question will be discussed in conjunction with electrical and optical measurements. Also, a very simple model is described to account for the observed trends. First a general introduction to development of a filament is presented in the section 3.1.1. This is followed by a description of the set-up and diagnostics in the section 3.2.1. Results are presented in section 3.3 and are discussed in section 3.4. Apart from main hypothesis, which is purely electrostatic, few other probable mechanisms that can explain the observed trends are discussed in section 3.5 and finally a conclusion is presented. 3.1.1 Dielectric barrier discharge Before proceeding further, it is instructive to understand how a filament (also called a micro-discharge) develops. An extensive review can be found elsewhere (e.g. [122]) and only a few important aspects are described here. As has been mentioned already, a DBD is realized between two electrodes with at least one of them is covered with a dielectric, usually at high pressures under excitation from alternating voltage signal. In general, a typical DBD at sub atmospheric pressures (>100 mbar) is characterized by a 42PDF Image | Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmas
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