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3. PROPERTIES OF MICRO-DISCHARGES 3.4. DISCUSSION The product of f and residence time gives total number of voltage-cycles the gas "sees": (3.16) (3.17) Ctotal , Separating constants and variables α(1 − α) = CtotalNavgVfilament ECO kεCOV α(1 − α) = CtotalNavgf(Pavg)Vfilament kεCOV Since the conversions measured, especially with pin-pin reactor are very low, the left side of the above equation can be replaced with α. Also, from the experiments we know that N can be written as some constant times P 0.3 . Accounting this information, α can be avg avg written as α = KC P 0.3 f (P ) (3.18) total avg avg where if we consider ECO is some function of Pavg. In general, f(Pavg) is a complex non linear function depending on electron energy and electric field, varying with space and time. With this equation, we have effectively resolved the contributions to α from number of voltage cycles the plasma is operated, the surface component which determines the extra energy required to create new filaments and the volume component of one filament, which generates CO at an energy cost of ECO. Though it is resolved into two compon- ents here, there is an inextricable link between the surface component and the volume component, both determining the power consumed Pavg. The link emerges because the charge that is created (or depleted) in the ionization wave of the filament impinges on the (or is consumed from the) surface producing the variation in the surface charge density. Subsequently, the surface charge density determines the new filament formation. Now, from the experiments we know that, α follows a power law relation with Espec, or if we discount the flow (which is considered in Ctotal), then with power consumed (cf. equation 3.4). Hence the product of P 0.3 f (P ) should be a power law with exponent avg avg 0.75 measured in the experiments. It is also to be noted that for a given reactor system, the flow – only parameter that can change the residence time without effecting power injected –can be changed by one order of magnitude while the combined effect of pressure and voltage changes Espec many more orders of magnitude. So notwithstanding the effect of flow, the origin of power law relation can still be attributed to difficulty in creating new filaments as described by equation 3.18. Also, from the flow measurements, it has been shown that if the flow doubles conversion becomes half – in other words a linear relationship with Ctotal (cf. figure 3.7), which is captured in equation 3.18. Equation 3.18 is a fairly general relationship between energy required for CO2 dissociation (ECO) 62PDF Image | Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmas
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