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3.4. DISCUSSION 3. PROPERTIES OF MICRO-DISCHARGES and conversion efficiency independent of operational parameters. Even if ECO is not constant as assumed, then at least a part of the explanation for the power law relation between α and Espec should be explained by equation 3.18. There is an implicit assumption made in the preceding analysis, that is, all the fila- ments are identical in CO production. This assumption is certainly valid if there is only one filament per half cycle. For more than one filament, irrespective of their occurrence in a given half cycle, it has been shown that independent of external conditions, all fil- aments behave almost identically in a plane-plane reactor at atmospheric pressure in air plasmas [122]. Hence, we can assume that f(Pavg) is also identical for all filaments at least at a given pressure. Although, to a first degree, a relation between energy consump- tion and conversion could be established there is nothing in the analysis made thus far, that will explain how f(Pavg) will change with pressure, frequency, temperature etc., Also, if we determine, f(Pavg), does it uniquely determine α. In the next chapter, the variation of production rate across volume, ignored in the analysis here, is treated in de- tail to explain the dependance of f(Pavg) on operational parameters. There it will also be shown that, given the energy input α can be uniquely determined. It can be argued that the power-law relation is mainly due to the geometry used in this work and cannot be extended to a plane-plane or cylindrical geometry used else- where [60, 62]. Nevertheless, a proposition can be made that this observation can be extended to any geometry. The link between the geometries comes from the fact that the surface area occupied by the foot print of a first filament (or a collection of a first filaments in case of reactors with large surface) is large enough and that it will distort the electric field requiring larger power input to create a second filament (or collection of second filaments). Each filament is expected to have a footprint which is 10 times as large as its diameter in the gas gap [137] and the filament diameter is approximately 200 μm (even higher when pressure is lower than 1 atm) [149]. From these typical dimen- sions of filaments it can be shown that ≈ 8 filaments can be accommodated in a square centimeter, assuming all the filaments occur simultaneously. This analysis is supported from the reported values in literature of 106 filaments per square centimeter per second at a power input of 0.1 W/cm2 in Ar/O2/H2O DBDs operated at 1 kHz frequency [150]; which will yield 5 filaments per square centimeter in a half cycle comparable to 8. How- ever, the experiments conducted for CO2 dissociation are reported at much higher power densities: Upto 7.5 W/cm2 [67] and 2 W/cm2 [59, 62] (extrapolated from the values reported), which implies that there are many more filaments per square centimeter than that can be accommodated. So even in a plane-plane reactor as the surface density of filaments increases, it becomes increasingly difficult to create new filaments. A similar 63PDF Image | Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmas
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