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3.5. OTHER HYPOTHESES FOR POWER-LAW 3. PROPERTIES OF MICRO-DISCHARGES second etc. in a given half cycle and e is the elementary charge (1.602 ×10−19 C). Also, during the time period of discharge Tf , the gap voltage can be assumed constant and as a consequence k1 can be assumed constant at a given pressure and applied voltage [123]. Hence α for one filament can be rewritten as α1 = k1∆Qf1Tf (3.20) eVp Since α1 and ∆Qf1 are measured to be independent of pressure at the same power, Vp and k1 should be connected. In another words, for the same Pavg at different pressures, change in plasma volume is correlated with k1. k1 is determined by reduced electric field which is in turn determined by pressure. At low pressures electrons diffuse much farther increasing the volume. The increase in volume of a filament with decrease in pressure has been shown by others in air-fed ozonizers [149]. If we assume the same trend for CO2 then with pressure Vp should decrease. However, owing to very small dimensions and weak light emission, a change in volume could not be measured at present. In summary it can be said that the filaments, especially the first filaments in a half cycle, behave sim- ilarly by self-adjusting their sizes such that the net effect appears to be equal conversion efficiencies, equal charge transferred per filament and equal power required to generate. 3.5 Other Hypotheses for power-law There can be other possibilities which can explain the power-law relation between α and Espec and need to be explored. As the Espec increases, higher conversion efficiency changes the gas composition from pure CO2 to some CO2 + CO + O mixture. In a plane- plane or a cylindrical reactor, the filaments will see pure CO2 at the entry of gas into reactor and a gas mixture that is at least partly converted at the exhaust. Such a change in gas mixture is expected to change the electron energy distribution which in-turn affects conversion efficiency. An example for the effect of change in gas composition on electron energy distribution could be seen in the ionization of different species. At the reduced electric fields expected in a CO2 DBD, rate coefficient of the electron impact ionization of CO is very much lower than ionization of CO2 [36]; thus, with increasing CO in the gas mixture it becomes increasingly difficult to ionize the gas and produce electrons required to dissociate CO2. But at what conversion efficiency does electron energy distribution differs significantly from pure CO2 needs to be investigated further. In a reduced model, CO ionization is shown to be not significant until very high conversion ratios by Aerts et al [62]. 65PDF Image | Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmas
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