PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 132
5.6. INTRODUCTION 5.6 Introduction In the preceding part of this chapter, the importance of vibrational excitation in CO2 dissociation has been discussed. Nonetheless the initial vibrational excitation has to be generated by electrons in a plasma. How this initial vibrational excitation is achieved is very sensitive to the electron energy distribution function (EEDF). In simplified terms, it can also be said that the numerous configurations of plasma sources available are mainly to get a handle on the EEDF. Therefore, to study a plasma in its totality, the main goal is then reduced to calculate the EEDF properly, either from pure theory or by numerical simulations. In general, the Boltzmann function is solved to obtain the EEDF, taking into consider- ation energy gain and loss from both elastic collisions with heavy particles, and inelastic collisions such as ionization and attachment etc., Depending on the type of plasma source that has to be modeled, different assumptions are to be applied to use the EEDF from the Boltzmann equation. For example, in a microwave induced plasma the effect of mag- netic fields cannot be neglected [228] while in transient plasmas like pulsed discharges (for eg. dielectric barrier discharges which are intrinsically pulsed) where the electric field changes continuously, requires EEDF to be calculated using time steps in the order of pico-seconds [229]. Thus, to develop a numerical method that is generic to all plasma sources is rather impractical. As a consequence, calculating generic vibrational distri- butions in CO2 plasmas becomes complicated. Additionally, any particular model can be trusted only when it can be validated from experiments. The fluid model introduced in chapter 4 is one such model in which the EEDF (or mean electron energy) evaluated could reproduce experimental trends. As an extension of chapter 4, numerical simulation of vibrational excitation using the fluid model in a DBD is the focus of this chapter. As has been noted in chapter 4, numerical simulations have been used in the context of CO2 plasmas mainly to understand CO2 lasers. Nighan et al reported on the effects of dissociation on EEDF [230]. Many reports appeared describing CO2 dissociation using chemical kinetic models [161, 163–168]. A different class of reports appeared on the relation between the vibrational temperature (different between symmetric and asym- metric modes) on the laser performance [225, 231, 232]. However, only recently kinetic models were being used to establish the connection between CO2 dissociation and vibra- tional excitation [63–65]. Although a comprehensive list of vibrational energy exchange reactions have been included in these models, these do not describe the interaction of electrons with vibrational levels in detail. For example, the importance of superelastic collisions in reducing the vibrationally excited populations is not discussed. The im- 123PDF Image | Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmas
PDF Search Title:
Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmasOriginal File Name Searched:
20160125_CO_Ponduri.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |