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CHAPTER 3. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS The literature review in the previous chapter highlighted the lack of experimental work on combustion engines running at raised coolant temperatures for waste heat recovery purposes. A large portion of the effort for the current work was focused on running such an experiment, and the details are presented in this chapter. An experimental facility was commissioned to perform a complete energy balance on a small diesel engine, provide inputs for WHR system modeling, and to allow monitoring of the engine condition as coolant temperature was increased from 90°C to 200°C. This chapter begins with a description of the engine modifications performed to increased durability under the test conditions. Next, an overview of the experimental facility and its individual components is given. Finally, the test matrix is presented followed by a description of the system operation and test procedure. 3.1 Engine Modifications The test engine is a 0.7L 3-cylinder normally aspirated diesel engine. It is an indirect injection diesel using pre-combustion chambers to increase swirl for better fuel atomization and mixing. The block and cylinder head are made from cast iron. Table 3-1 provides the key specifications for the engine, which was manufactured by Daihatsu but sold by Briggs and Stratton under their Vanguard line. Net power output from this engine under continuous operation is approximately 10.5 kW, with a maximum 12 kW intermittent output. The test engine is not designed to operate above the standard coolant temperature of 90°C, so modifications were performed to increase the engine’s durability under the test conditions. The modifications fall into six main categories: cylinder head sealing, clearances, engine seals, injection pump, oil pump, and oil pan. This section will cover each of these six categories in detail. 32PDF Image | WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM A HIGH TEMPERATURE DIESEL ENGINE
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