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to be gases at ambient temperature. The chemical reaction for combustion was balanced to determine the molar flow rates for each product as follows: nfuelC12H23 nair(0.21O2 0.79N2)12nfuelCO2 11.5nfuelH2O 0.79nairN2 (0.21nair 17.75nfuel)O2 (4.7) Here, ̇fuel is the molar flow rate of the diesel fuel and ̇air is the molar flow rate of the intake air, both found by dividing the measured mass flow rates by the molecular weights. For the representative point, ̇fuel is found by dividing the fuel mass flow rate of 30.42 g min-1 by the molecular weight of 167.31 kg kmol-1 with the result of 0.18 mol min-1. The air molar flow rate is found by dividing the air mass flow rate of 14.91 g s-1 by the molecular weight of 28.97 kg kmol-1 to reach 0.51 mol s-1. Using equation (4.7), the molar flow rates for CO2, H2O, N2, and O2 are 2.18 mol min-1, 2.09 mol min-1, 24.60 mol min-1, and 3.31 mol min-1, respectively. The mass fraction for each gas is then found using the molar flow rates of the products as well as the molar mass for each species: MF nMW (4.8) mfuel mair From the molar flow rates calculated above and the molecular weights given in Table 4-1, the mass fractions for CO2, H2O, N2, and O2 are 0.104, 0.041, 0.745, and 0.115, respectively. The mass fractions for the products were then used to weight the respective enthalpy change for the four gases when cooled from the exhaust temperature to room temperature. The enthalpy changes were found using the JANAF tables provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology [44]. The data for each gas was narrowed down to the temperature range of interest (130°C – 730°C) and a second order polynomial fit was performed to ensure high levels of accuracy. The following formulas represent the fits for each of the four gases, with temperature in units of °C: Δh 0.0002T 2 0.9118T 29.472 (4.9) exh CO2 exh 62PDF Image | WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM A HIGH TEMPERATURE DIESEL ENGINE
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