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WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM A HIGH TEMPERATURE DIESEL ENGINE

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WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM A HIGH TEMPERATURE DIESEL ENGINE ( waste-heat-recovery-from-high-temperature-diesel-engine )

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Table 5-1. Thermodynamic analysis assumptions. Assumption Value Units Exhaust Pressure 100 kPa Evaporator Effectiveness 80 % Recuperator Effectiveness 80 % Isentropic Pump Efficiency 50 % Isentropic Turbine Efficiency 60 % Minimum Closest Approach Temperature 5 °C Quality at Evaporator Outlet 1 - Quality at Condenser Outlet 0 - Maximum Superheat 375 °C the energy balance of the superheater (exhaust temperature at point 1). The air/fuel ratio was needed to calculate the exhaust enthalpy and entropy as a function of the combustion product enthalpies and entropies. The exhaust heat flow provided an input for the energy balance on the evaporator and superheater. The coolant heat flow was necessary to solve the energy balance on the engine block evaporator. Finally, the mass fractions of the lean combustion products were used to calculate the specific heat capacity for the exhaust. The inputs from the experiment and model assumptions were used to perform energy balances on each heat exchanger and solve 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamic equations to arrive at the working fluid state at each point in the Rankine cycle. The thermodynamic modeling also provided an estimate of the WHR system output, which was then used to determine the efficiency gain. The matrix of WHR system operating points that were modeled is shown in Table 5-3. The operating point of 3100 rpm and 24 N-m of torque was chosen for this analysis, and coolant temperatures of 90°C, 150°C, 175°C, and 200°C were investigated. The analysis was performed using condenser temperatures of 60°C and 90°C to provide insight into the trade-off between system performance and condenser footprint, which will be discussed further in the next section. The 90°C coolant temperature point represents the state of the art and uses only the exhaust gases for WHR since the coolant temperature is too low for utilization. This speed and load point resulted 72

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