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cylinder compression and oil particulate concentration were monitored throughout the experiment as a proxy for engine wear. To monitor the condition of the engine during testing, the cylinder compression was checked between each coolant temperature interval with the engine at room temperature. The compression test results are shown in Figure 6-7 for each cylinder. The tests were performed with the engine cold because the first test was done before the engine had been run and consistency was desired. The cold tests may partially explain why the compression pressure was found to be below the manufacturer specification of 3.0 MPa with a warm engine. The larger piston ring end gaps could also have contributed to a slightly lower compression pressure than expected. The initial compression test produced nearly equal measurements for the three cylinders with an average of 2.60 MPa and a maximum difference of 1.66%. Peak compression occurred after the 90°C tests with an average of 2.73 MPa. Compression then declined to a minimum average of 2.50 MPa after the 125°C tests, which also corresponded to the maximum variation among the 3 cylinders (19.50%). The decline in compression was most likely due to sealing issues with the head gasket and piston rings. The custom copper head gasket proved to be difficult to seal sufficiently to prevent coolant and oil leakage external to the engine as well as into the combustion chamber. Conversely, this leakage path could allow combustion chamber gases to escape into the oil and cooling system and thereby reducing engine compression. Multiple gaskets and sealing methods were attempted before a combination that was thought to be adequate was found. Some external seepage of the oil and coolant was still observed throughout the tests, and the cylinder head bolts were re-torqued after each temperature run to try to maintain cylinder integrity. The compression test results in Figure 6-7 show that average compression improved after the 125°C tests, which does not agree with the increase in leakage into the combustion chamber that occurred after the 148PDF Image | WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM A HIGH TEMPERATURE DIESEL ENGINE
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