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the T-s diagram (Figure 6-19), where the blue line becomes horizontal under the vapor dome at 2,959 kPa pressure. The ethanol then travels through the superheater where the temperature of the ethanol vapors is raised to 375°C before it enters the turbine expander. Through the heating of the working fluid in the superheater and the evaporator, the exhaust temperature drops from 500.6°C to 167.7°C. This can also be seen in Figure 6-19, where the exhaust temperature is represented by the red line above the cycle. The temperature of the ethanol drops from 375°C to 259.8°C across the turbine as 1.22 kW of power is produced. Subtracting the 0.04 kW required to power the pump, a net power output of 1.18 kW is attained. Combining this output with the engine output of 7.70 kW, and dividing by the fuel power input of 27.06 kW yields a combined efficiency of 32.83%. Comparing this value to the baseline efficiency of 28.47% gives a relative efficiency increase of 15.3%. Through the hot side of the recuperator, the ethanol temperature drops to 106.9°C as heat is transferred back to the beginning of the system to increase efficiency. Finally, the condenser cools the ethanol down to the saturation temperature of 60°C and the ethanol is condensed back to the liquid state. The second WHR system is identical to the first, except for an increase in condenser temperature from 60°C to 90°C (Figure 6-20). Visual inspection of the two T-s diagrams in Figures 6-19 and 6-21 shows the reduction in system output indicated by the decreased area encompassed by the cycle. This reduction in area is due to the increase in condenser temperature and subsequent increase in condenser saturation pressure from 46.77 kPa to 157.60 kPa. This increase in low side pressure reduces the pressure difference across the turbine, resulting in lower output. The effect can be seen in Figure 6-20, where the net WHR output for the 90°C coolant temperature drops from 1.18 kW to 0.90 kW. The WHR output is added to the measured engine power output of 7.70 kW to reach a total power output of 8.60 kW. The 90°C condenser temperature system output 161PDF Image | WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM A HIGH TEMPERATURE DIESEL ENGINE
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