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are outlined in Figure 6-24. The major difference over the 60°C model other than the increase in condenser temperature, was the reduction of the superheat temperature from 290°C to 240°C. As before, this value was reduced to keep the exhaust temperature at the exhaust evaporator outlet above the ethanol inlet temperature by at least 5°C. The T-s diagram shown in Figure 6-25 illustrates the decrease in cycle area due to the increased condenser temperature and pressure, as well as the reduction in superheat temperature. The resulting net power output for the 90°C condenser temperature model was 1.27 kW, or a total of 8.92 kW. This translates to a total efficiency of 32.94%, or an 15.71% relative efficiency increase over the baseline case. The 175°C WHR system diagram with the 60°C condenser temperature is shown in Figure 6-26. The increase in evaporation temperature to 175°C results in decreased ethanol mass flow through the engine since the heat rejection to the coolant is a fixed value, and the temperature increase before boiling is greater than the system with 150°C coolant temperature. However, the superheat temperature was increased to 350°C to better utilize the exhaust waste heat available. This can be seen in the T-s diagram in Figure 6-27, where the exhaust temperature drops steeply in the superheater and the Rankine cycle area is increased due to the higher superheat temperature. It is important to note that the exhaust temperature decreased between the 150°C and 175°C cases, due to the change in engine operation mentioned in a previous section. This reduction in exhaust temperature leads to a slight decrease in net WHR system output for the 175°C system versus the 150°C system, dropping from 2.01 kW to 1.99 kW. The fuel energy input for the 175°C test was found to be 26.46 kW. With a fuel energy flow rate of 26.46 kW, the total power output was 9.63 kW for a combined efficiency of 35.61%, or a 25.10% relative increase over the baseline efficiency of 28.47%. However, this increase in efficiency was partly due to the apparent increase in engine efficiency seen at this operating temperature. Due to the cylinder leakage issues discussed in 165PDF Image | WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM A HIGH TEMPERATURE DIESEL ENGINE
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