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5.4 Operational Insights and Observations Based on the benefits achieved and challenges encountered, several common operational insights became apparent at the conclusion of the interviews. These insights were considered by all WWTFs as important to any facility considering CHP. Table 20 presents the key CHP operational insights gathered from WWTFs across the following topic areas: organizational acceptance, utility relationship, system design, and O&M. In general, the insights show that CHP is an added element to a WWTF, beyond traditional treatment of wastewater, and that it requires appropriate planning and attention. To this end, high-level buy-in from facility management is very important to project success. In addition, WWTFs need to be closely involved with the design of the CHP system, including all of its components (e.g., fuel pretreatment), and understand how the system operates and its maintenance requirements. Coordination with the local utility was also seen as extremely important for developing and operating a successful CHP system. From the beginning, immediate and continuing coordination with the utility is needed to ensure that all components of the CHP system are in line with utility requirements. This process often requires close negotiations over topics such as interconnection, sale of excess power, and potential changes in utility rates. Several of the WWTFs encountered utilities unwilling to buy excess power or allow operation independent of the grid. These restrictions eliminated a potential source of revenue and also one of the primary benefits of CHP, enhanced reliability of the WWTF’s power supply. 38PDF Image | Combined Heat and Power at Wastewater Treatment Facilities
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