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Energies 2020, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 18 3.2. Thermodynamic Model of ORC Energies 2020, 13, 6163 7 of 18 Figure 3 shows the T-s diagram of the ideal ORC cycle and conceptually shows each state and system. In Figure 3, the movement from point 12 to point 9 refers to the section in which the liquid workingflfluiidcchhaannggeesstotothtehgeagseaoseuosusstastteatherothurgohugthetehveapeovraaptoraatnodr aisntdheissetchteiosnectotiorencotoverewcoavseter hweasttefrohmeatHfTro-PmEMHTFC-PiEnMthFeCcionmtbhienceodmsybsinteemd. sTyhstemva.pTohriezvedapwoorirzkeidngwflourikdinggenfleuriadtegsepnoewraetresthprowugehr theroeuxgphantdher,ewxphainchdeisr,thwehtircahveislstehcetiotrnavfreolmsepcotiionnt9frtom10p,oreindtuc9intogt1h0e,preredsuscuirneg.Tthepwroersksuinrge.flTuhide wiotrhkrinedgufcluedidpwreisthsuredauncdedtepmrpesesruartueraenids ltieqmuepfieerdatiunrethies tlriqauvelfiseedctiinonthferotmravpeolinsetc1t0iotno 1fr1otmhrpouoignht t1h0e tcon1d1enthsreoruagnhd mthaeinctoanindsenthserpraensdsumreadinifftaeirnesnctehewhpirlestsruarnespdoirffteinregntchee wliqhuilefietrdanwsoprokritninggfluthide tlihqruoeufgiehdthweoprkuimngp.fluid through the pump. Figure 3. Thermodynamic T-s diagram for ideal Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) cycle (R.P. is the meaning Figure 3. Thermodynamic T-s diagram for ideal Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) cycle (R.P. is the of refrigerant pump). meaning of refrigerant pump). R245fa was selected as the working fluid used in this study considering the operating temperature R245fa was selected as the working fluid used in this study considering the operating range of the HT-PEMFC. The pressure on the evaporator side of the ORC power generation of the temperature range of the HT-PEMFC. The pressure on the evaporator side of the ORC power combined power generation system was set to 12 bar, and by setting the temperature range at the outlet generation of the combined power generation system was set to 12 bar, and by setting the side of the condenser to 293~308 K, the saturation pressure appropriate for the respective temperature temperature range at the outlet side of the condenser to 293~308 K, the saturation pressure was used. appropriate for the respective temperature was used. All waste heat generated from the HT-PEMFC is heat-exchanged through the evaporator and AllwasteheatgeneratedfromtheH.T-PEMFCisheat-exchangedthroughtheevaporatorand is calculated as shown in Equation (19). Q is the amount of heat exchange of the evaporator, and is calculated as shown in Equation (19). πΜ eva is the amount of heat exchange of the evaporator, and . ππ£π m is the mass flow rate of the working fluid of the ORC system. h means the enthalpy according to πΜORC is the mass flow rate of the working fluid of the ORC system. h means the enthalpy ππ πΆ the temperature and pressure for each location indicated by each number on the T-s diagram. according to the temperature and pressure for each location indicated by each number on the T-s diagram. Q. = m. (h βh ) (19) Equation (20). Equation (20). (22), taking into account the overall efficiency Ξ·rp. m. (hβh) Μeva ORC 9 12 πππ£π = πΜ ππ πΆ(h9 β h12) (19) The amount of power generated through the expander is Wexp and is calculated as in the The amount of power generated through the expander is Wexp and is calculated as in the W=m. (hβh) (20) exp ORC 9 10 π =πΜ (hβh) (20) ππ₯π ππ πΆ 9 10 . The amount of heat dissipated through the condenser is Qcon and is calculated as in the The amount of heat dissipated through the condenser is πΜπππ and is calculated as in the Equation (21). . Equation(21). Q =m. (hβh) (21) con ORC 10 11 ππππ = πΜ ππ πΆ(h10 β h11) (21) Μ The power consumption of the refrigerant pump is Wrp and is calculated as in the Equation (22), takinTghientpooawcceorucnotntshuemovpetiroanll oeffif tchienrceyfrΞ·ige.rant pump is Wrp and is calculated as in the Equation rp ORC 12 11 Wrp = πΜ ππ πΆ(h12 β h11) (22) π= Ξ· (22) ππ πrp The net power generated through the ORC system is calculated by the power generated by the The net power generated through the ORC system is calculated by the power generated by the expander and the power consumed by the refrigerant pump as shown in the Equation (23). expander and the power consumed by the refrigerant pump as shown in the Equation (23). ππ WORC = Wexp β Wrp (23)PDF Image | Combined Power Generation System Based on HT-PEMFC and ORC
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