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Norman Holaind et al. / Energy Procedia 123 (2017) 313–320 317 Norman Holaind et al./ Energy Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 5 speed of the CGT, due to the high density of the CO2, it is the compressor the most limiting machine in terms of size. Figure 2 provides some figures related to compressor wheel size and speed showing that cycle configurations with high efficiency demand small and fast machines whose specifics exceed the operational constraints mentioned above. Reasonable thresholds for cost effective turbomachinery are a revolution speed lower than 100,000 RPM and wheel diameter greater than 40 mm. Hence, the application of turbomachinery constraints on the thermodynamic design, limit the design configuration to a maximum cycle efficiency of 23% and a net output power range between 50 and 85 kW. 550 500 450 400 350 1.3 550 500 450 400 350 1.3 net electrical power output [kW] 550 500 450 400 350 550 500 450 400 350 1 st law cycle efficiency [%] 30 40 30 60 65 70 75 80 45 85 90 28 50 28 22 26 95 55 26 24 80 24 24 20 90 85 95 22 80 60 75 70 18 65 22 1.8 2.3 cycle pressure ratio 2.8 3.3 1.3 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.3 cycle pressure ratio compressor impeller diameter [mm] CGT revolution speed [kRPM] 25 240 30 100 35 120 180 140 220 25 160 40 200 30 50 35 180 60 turbine inlet temperature [°C] turbine inlet temperature [°C] turbine inlet temperature [°C] turbine inlet temperature [°C] 55 100 45 120 140 160 80 40 1.8 2.3 cycle pressure ratio 2.8 3.3 1.3 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.3 cycle pressure ratio Figure 2 - Influence of sCO2 cycle pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature on: net electrical power output (a); cycle efficiency (b), revolution speed of the compressor-generator-turbine system (c); compressor impeller diameter (d) 3. CFD design A 3D stationary Compressible flow will be considered; a classical coupled Navier-Stokes/Energy Solver is used to solve the general equations of the flow because it is more suited for near Mach velocity values, and the RANS K- Epsilon Model for the turbulence since it has an optimal calculation cost and is stable considering the meshing configuration. Since the fluid is in a supercritical CO2 state the standard perfect gases equation of state is notPDF Image | Design of Radial Turbomachinery for S CO2 CFD
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