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Energies 2020, 13, 6586 Pump 19 of 26 Evaporator Pump 1 kW–200 kW, which is very suitable for the small and medium ORC power generation system [70–72]. IEtnheragsiesc2o0n2t0r,i1b3u, xteFdORtoPtEhEeRmREiVnIiEaWturization and decentralization of solar power generation. 19 of 26 Figure 14. Solar-driven organic Rankine cycle power generation system diagram. Table 4. Solar energy utilization and development forecast in major regions of the world. (unit: oil Condenser equivalent 106). Re on Generator emissions [73]. emissions [73]. Region North America Latin America Western Europe Russia and Eastern Europe Middle East/North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Pacific Ocean/China Central Asia/South Asia Total 1990 2000 2010 2020 Expander Year No hAmerica Latin America Western Europe ia a Eastern Europe dle st/North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Pacific Ocean/China gi rt 1990 2000 2010 2020 Evaporator 3 6 1Condenser 2 1 2 1 2 Pump 2 3 1 2 1 1 24 85 8 33 8 33 9 26 9 29 6 18 6 23 Ru M ss id nd Ea Pump Central Asia/South Asia 1 3 17 77 Figure 14. Solar-driven organic Rankine cycle power generation system diagram. Figure 14. Solar-driven organic Rankine cycle power generation system diagram. Total 2 3 14 64 The Lanzhou screw expander solar thermal power generation project (Figure 15) is one of the Table 4. Solar energy utilization and development forecast in major regions of the world. (unit: oil The Lanzhou screw expander solar thermal power generation project (Figure 15) is one of the typical cases of screw expander applied to solar power generation. The project has a rated power of equivalent 106). typical cases of screw expander applied to solar power generation. The project has a rated power of 160 KW, an annual power generation of 1.28 million degrees, and a reduction of 1064 tons of CO2 160 KW, an annual power generation of 1.28Yemairllion degrees, and a reduction of 1064 tons of CO2 Figure 15. The screw expander generator set of Lanzhou. Figure 15. The screw expander generator set of Lanzhou. The Lanzhou screw expander solar thermal power generation project (Figure 15) is one of the 3.2.2. The Field of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion 3.2.2. The Field of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion typical cases of screw expander applied to solar power generation. The project has a rated power of The ocean thermal energy is derived from solar energy and recognized by the international 160 KW, an annual power generation of 1.28 million degrees, and a reduction of 1064 tons of CO2 The ocean thermal energy is derived from solar energy and recognized by the international community as one of the most promising energy sources. According to the International Energy Agency, emissions [73]. community as one of the most promising energy sources. According to the International Energy the installed capacity of offshore renewable energy could reach 750 GW by 2050 [74]. The by-products Agency, the installed capacity of offshore renewable energy could reach 750 GW by 2050 [74]. The produced by ocean thermal energy conversion have no pollution to the environment, which are by-products produced by ocean thermal energy conversion have no pollution to the environment, environmentally friendly energy [74,75]. The ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) technology is which are environmentally friendly energy [74,75]. The ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) similar to the Karina cycle power generation technology. The operation of ocean thermoelectric power technology is similar to the Karina cycle power generation technology. The operation of ocean to evaporate to high-pressure gas. Second, the high-pressure gas is entered into the expander, which makes the expander rotate and drive the generator to generate electricity, while the high-pressure gas is changed into the low-pressure gas. Third, the cold water in the deep-water area is pumped into the generation can be briefly divided into the following steps [75]: firstly, the warm water of the ocean thermoelectric power generation can be briefly divided into the following steps [75]: firstly, the warm surface is pumped to the normal temperature evaporator, and the ammonia is heated in an evaporator condenser so that the low-pressure gas from the expander is condensed into liquid. At present, there Figure 15. The screw expander generator set of Lanzhou. are three main types of ocean thermal energy conversion: open cycle power generation system, closed cycle power generation system and hybrid cycle power generation system. The power generation 3.2.2. The Field of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion principle is shown in Figure 16 [76]. The development and utilization of thermoelectric energy has The ocean thermal energy is derived from solar energy and recognized by the international a long history. So far, developed countries represented by the United States, Japan and France have community as one of the most promising energy sources. According to the International Energy carried out a lot of research work on the development and utilization of thermoelectric energy in the Agency, the installed capacity of offshore renewable energy could reach 750 GW by 2050 [74]. The by-products produced by ocean thermal energy conversion have no pollution to the environment, which are environmentally friendly energy [74,75]. The ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) technology is similar to the Karina cycle power generation technology. The operation of ocean thermoelectric power generation can be briefly divided into the following steps [75]: firstly, the warm 3 6 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 3 24 85 8 33 8 33 9 26 9 29 6 18 6 23 17 77 14 64 Cooling Tower Cooling Tower Solar collector Solar collecPDF Image | Development and Application of the Twin Screw Expander
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