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Energies 2020, 13, 6586 22 of 26 and it is also the vulnerable parts of the expander. The quality of the seal structure and seal directly affects the economy and reliability of the expander. At present, the main sealing methods of shaft end seal of screw mechanical are labyrinth seal, floating ring seal, mechanical seal, carbon ring seal, dry gas seal, etc. The thermodynamic model of the screw expander was established by mathematical model or experimental data. Geometric modelling is the foundation of the three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of screw expander, and computer-aided design could provide benefits for accurate identification of geometric parameters. In addition, the paper also introduces the application of screw expander in the field such as residual pressure, industrial waste heat and renewable energy generation, and lists the corresponding typical examples. Finally, according to the structure and application characteristics of screw expander, a reasonable prediction is made of the potential applications of the screw expander. This paper can provide some reference for the research and development of screw expansion and make some contributions. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, J.W. (Junying Wei) and J.W. (Jidai Wang); formal analysis, J.W. (Jihong Wang); investigation, Q.H.; resources, L.Y.; data curation, Z.J.; writing—original draft preparation, Q.H.; writing—review and editing, J.W. (Junying Wei); supervision, J.W. (Jidai Wang); All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Funding: This work was supported by the Project of Science and Technology Research Program for Colleges and Universities in Shandong Province (J18KA049). Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank to the research grant support from the Project of Science and Technology Research Program for Colleges and Universities in Shandong Province. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Nomenclature ORC Organic Rankine Cycle ICCD Iso-clearance Contour Diagram TCA Tooth Contact Analysis ASR Average-state Region SCCAD screw rotor design and calculation software PROE Pro/Engineer CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics NURBS Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes OpenGL Open Graphics Library TSD Twin-screw compressor yin-yang rotor type line design system CNC Computer Numerical Control CBN Cubic Boron Nitride CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing MATLAB Matrix&Laboratory AutoLISP Autodesk List Processor OTEC Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion IGU International Natural Gas Union LNG Liquefied Natural Gas References 1. Zhe, L.U. Analysis on Current Situation of Industrial Waste Heat Recovery in China. Equip. Manuf. Technol. 2019, 12, 204–206. 2. Xiong, H. The Survey Report on Utilization of Industrial Waste Heat Resources. 2017. Available online: http://www.doc88.com/p-1788513706822.html (accessed on 13 December 2003). 3. Fierro, J.J.; Escudero-Atehortúa, A.; Nieto-Londoño, C.; Giraldo, M.; Jouhara, H.; Wrobel, L.C. Evaluation of Waste Heat Recovery Technologies for the Cement Industry. Int. J. 2020, 100040. [CrossRef]PDF Image | Development and Application of the Twin Screw Expander
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