PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 001
Friction ISSN 2223-7690 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-018-0217-7 CN 10-1237/TH REVIEW ARTICLE Fundamental theories and basic principles of triboelectric effect: A review Shuaihang PAN1,2, Zhinan ZHANG1,* 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 2 School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90095, USA Received: 18 January 2018 / Revised: 14 March 2018 / Accepted: 10 April 2018 © The author(s) 2018. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract: Long-term observation of the triboelectric effect has not only proved the feasibility of many novel and useful tribo-devices (e.g., triboelectric nanogenerators), but also constantly motivated the exploration of its mysterious nature. In the pursuit of a comprehensive understanding of how the triboelectric process works, a more accurate description of the triboelectric effect and its related parameters and factors is urgently required. This review critically goes through the fundamental theories and basic principles governing the triboelectric process. By investigating the difference between each charging media, the electron, ion, and material transfer is discussed and the theoretical deduction in the past decades is provided. With the information from the triboelectric series, interesting phenomena including cyclic triboelectric sequence and asymmetric triboelectrification are precisely analyzed. Then, the interaction between the tribo-system and its operational environment is analyzed, and a fundamental description of its effects on the triboelectric process and results is summarized. In brief, this review is expected to provide a strong understanding of the triboelectric effect in a more rigorous mathematical and physical sense. Keywords: triboelectric effect; triboelectrification; triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs); interface 1 Introduction The triboelectric effect was the earliest focus in the tribology study. For over 2000 years, its generality and interesting phenomena have attracted significant research interests. In summary, the triboelectric effect is interesting but complex mainly due to the following reasons: (1) Even for a highly charged surface (namely 1 mC·m−2), the charge density can only achieve 1 electron unit per 105 surface atoms [1]. (2) Basic questions including which surface will be charged positively and which will have negative charges when two surfaces are brought into contact are still difficult to answer with certainty, and exceptions (i.e., cyclic triboelectric series) from different theories seem exclusive to each other [2]. (3) Multiple factors can work on the same triboelectric process, which adds to the complete analyses by decoupling each dominant parameter for modeling the triboelectric effect. Considering these esoteric aspects in the triboelectric effect, many experiments have been conducted. Though all these results are appreciable, their significance suffers greatly, owing to the lack of more solid theoretical deductions to interpret their phenomena in the triboelectric process [3]. Ironically, with so many tasks to solve and questions to answer, triboelectric devices and applications [4–8] see a far-reaching success in recent years. For example, some previous studies (e.g., into volcanic dusts) have revealed a close relation between environmental phenomena and triboelectric effect [9, 10]; manufac- turing and processing also face the influence of triboelectrication [11]. Indeed, these achievements eagerly need more understanding in theories and * Corresponding author: Zhinan ZHANG, E-mail: zhinanz@sjtu.edu.cnPDF Image | Fundamental theories and basic principles of triboelectric
PDF Search Title:
Fundamental theories and basic principles of triboelectricOriginal File Name Searched:
Fundamental_theories_and_basic_principles_of_tribo.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |