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Light- and shade-demanding trees There are two types of tree with very different requirements of light (see Fig. 14.3). The effect of light on tree growth has two principal energy outcomes. Partly it determines the structure of the timber and, secondly, it influences the form and character of the tree itself, depending on whether it is a shade-demanding or a light-demanding species; and these are also related to latitude and altitude. Trees mirror the quality of light in their natural habitat. If the frequency of green is harmful to them, they will use green leaves as they will screen out or repel that frequency. In general, if the inci- dent light has a greater proportion of high-frequency, high-energy, ultraviolet light, in other words hard light, the wood will be soft. Conversely, where there is a greater preponderance of low-fre- quency, low-energy, infrared, soft light, the wood will be hard.4 Australia's native timbers, notable for their hardness, are a good example of this. Because of Australias position on the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere, the intensity of infrared light is greatest when Australia experiences its high summer, and when the Earth is also at its closest to the Sun at Perihelion in early January. This is increased by the infrared radiation resulting from Australia's semi-desert condition. Along with other countries in the southern hemisphere, Australia is therefore exposed to more intense infrared light than counties in the north which experience more moderate conditions. The new growth of many species of Australian trees presents a particular mixture of red, violet and blue hues, in order to resist the potentially harmful penetration of those light frequencies. In Europe and the temperate latitudes of North America, on the other hand, with their very different light conditions, most new growth is light green in colour, with some exceptions (like the copper beech). To summarize: Softwood species, such as pine, are mostly found in zones of high-energy, high-frequency 'hard' radiation, at low alti- tudes in high latitudes, and at high altitudes in low latitudes. Con- versely hardwood trees, with some exceptions, are generally found at low altitudes in low latitudes (tropical rainforests) and at low to middle altitudes at low to middle latitudes — zones of low fre- quency, 'soft' radiation. HIDDEN NATUREPDF Image | Hidden Nature Insights Viktor Schauberger
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