PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 024
Buffalo in heavy icing conditions. The main problem was ice forming on the unprotected propeller, which Smith removed by violent sideslips.18 Goodrich was so impressed with the flight tests that he decided to build a large icing research tunnel at Akron. By far the largest facility of its kind in the world, the tunnel measured 10 feet by 40 feet, with a test chamber 3 feet by 7 feet by 6 feet. Two standard 36-inch propellers drew air through cooling pipes, across the test section, and into an exit cone. The propellers were on the same shaft, which extended outside the tunnel to a 15- horsepower motor. Refrigeration was achieved by passing the air over coils—780 feet of 1.25-inch pipe—that were cooled by a flood system of liquid ammonia. Airbrush noz- zles used 80 pounds of compressed air to atomize water into a fine mist and simulate an icing cloud. Designed with the assistance of NACA engineers from the Langley labora- tory, the Goodrich tunnel could produce temperatures as low as 0 °F and wind speeds of 85 miles per hour.19 The first test in the tunnel took place on 22 August 1930. A Clark Y airfoil, equipped with a prototype two-tube boot, was placed in the test chamber. With ammonia flowing through the coils and the fan turned off, the temperature in the tunnel reached 26 ° after 1.5 hours. The propeller was then started. As the wind speed reached 60 miles per hour, the temperature rose slightly. Water, with a temperature of 43 °, was introduced into the airstream, producing a slush-type ice. The boot successfully removed several coats of ice before the spray nozzles became clogged.20 Although the spray system was never able to produce the small droplets found in a natural icing cloud, the tunnel nonetheless proved a useful research tool. The best way to deal with accumulated ice, Goodrich discovered following numerous tests in the tunnel, was to inflate the boots three times a minute. Engineers developed a lightweight air pump that was equipped with a valve that would open automatically and inflate the boots. Other work in the tunnel led to overshoes that would protect tail surfaces, struts and other parts of the airplane that would be vulnerable to icing.21 Early in 1931, Goodrich equipped a Lockheed Vega—Miss Silvertown—with the protective system that had been developed in the tunnel. Tailored boots were snapped onto the leading edge of the wing, zippered to struts, and laced to tail surfaces. An air compressor installed on the motor automatically supplied air to the inflatable boots. On The Beginning of Icing Research 18 Geer, “Ice Hazard;” Ben Kastein, “Russell S. Colley, Inventor,” Rubber World, June 1982, pp. 38–40. 19 Colley, “Problem #4825: Goodrich Refrigerated Wind Tunnel,” 13 September 1930, The Records of BFGoodrich Aerospace, Akron, Ohio. The author is indebted to David Sweet of BFGoodrich’s Ice-Protection Systems Division for this memorandum and for other material relating to Goodrich’s icing research. 20 Ibid. 21 New York Times, 29 October 1933. 11PDF Image | History of NASA Icing Research Tunnel
PDF Search Title:
History of NASA Icing Research TunnelOriginal File Name Searched:
sp4226.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)