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In this section, a simulation is carried out to study the effect of the ambient air temperature on the freshwater productivity. These results are important as they will govern the applicability of the desalination unit. Since this desalination unit is working on humidification principle; therefore, the ambient air conditions are crucial. The behaviour is reported in Figure 10. Mathematics 2021, 9, 33 22 of 31 It is observed that the hourly freshwater production rate is directly proportional to the ambient temperature of air because the increment in it enhances the heat and mass transfer characteristics in the humidification chamber. Furthermore, it is reported that the freshwater production rate is also directly proportio5n.4a.lEtoffetchteofrethlaetTiveemhpeurmatiudrietyofatthtehAeierxoint oFfretshhewhautemr Pidriofdicuactiovnitychamber (state 8). This is because higher relative humidity at the exit of the humidification section indicates a small In this section, a simulation is carried out to study the effect of the ambient air differencebetweteenmtpheradtruyrebuolnbtahnedfrtehsehwdeawterpporinotdutecmtivpietrya.tuTrheeoseftrheseualtisrawrheicimhpisoratnanatsasesrtihveeywill parameter towardgosvceorndtehnesaptipolnic.aItbilsitaylsofrthepeodretesadlihnearteiotnhautntiht.eShinocuerltyhifsredsehswalianteartiopnroudnuicttiisownorarkteing on is increased to ~1h1%umbiydiwficaastieohnepartirneccipovlee;rtehderferfoomre,ththeecoamndbeiennstinagirccooinl adtitaionnasmabreiecnrtuaciarlt.eTmhpeebreahtuarveiour is reported in Figure 10. of 45 °C at full saturation conditions at the exit of the humidification chamber. Figure10.InflFuiegnucreo1f0t.eImnflpuereantcuereofoftetmhepaeiraotunrfereosfhtwheataeirrpornodfruecsthivwitaytewripthroadnudcwtivitihtyouwtiwthaastnedhweaithoutwaste recovery. heat recovery. It is observed that the hourly freshwater production rate is directly proportional to 5.5. Yearly Analysis of Freshwater Productivity with and without Waste Heat Recovery the ambient temperature of air because the increment in it enhances the heat and mass In this section, an analysis is carried out to observe the freshwater productivity rate yearly. As transfer characteristics in the humidification chamber. Furthermore, it is reported that the the plant uses solar radiation for heating, therefore its actual output will be important for different Month January February March April May June July August Representative Day [84] Temperature (°C) RH (%) Wind Velocity (m/s) freshwater production rate is also directly proportional to the relative humidity at the exit days of the year.oFfotrhtehhisupmuirdpiofiscea,ttiohne scehlaemctebderd(asytaotef e8a).chThmisonisthbeiscauusseedhfoigrhtehrercealalctuivlaetihounmoifdfiltayt-at the plate solar collecteoxrist.oTfatbhleh2usmhoidwifiscthateiornepsreecsteionntaitnivdeicdataeysoafsemacahllmdioffnetrhen[8c4e]btehtawteisensetlheectderdytobuclabrraynd the out an analysis. Sdeelewctpedoidnat taemsupcehratsuarme obfietnhtetaeimr wpehriacthurise,aanmabssienrtivrelaptaivraemhuetmeridtoitwy,aarndds cvoenlodceintysation. It is also reported here that the hourly freshwater production rate is increased to ~11% by for analysis purposes are reported in Table 2. The solar radiation data, including total incident, beam, waste heat recovered from the condensing coil at an ambient air temperature of 45 ◦C at and diffuse radiation for Taxila, is presented in Figure 11. full saturation conditions at the exit of the humidification chamber. Table 2. Parameters for the calculation of water productivity. 5.5. Yearly Analysis of Freshwater Productivity with and without Waste Heat Recovery In this section, an analysis is carried out to observe the freshwater productivity rate yearly. As t1h7e plant uses solar rad1i1a.t1ion for heatin8g4, therefore its 3a.c5tual output will be important fo1r6different days of the y1e2a.r3. For this pur8p5ose, the selected2.d2ay of each month is used for the calculation of flat-plate solar collectors. Table 2 shows the representative day 16 18.7 84 4.7 of each month [84] that is selected to carry out an analysis. Selected data such as ambient 15 26.8 56 10.0 temperature, ambient relative humidity, and velocity for analysis purposes are reported in 15 28.5 22 9.4 Table 2. The solar radiation data, including total incident, beam, and diffuse radiation for 11 28.8 77 4.6 Taxila, is presented in Figure 11. 17 32.4 81 2.7 16 26.7 82 3.2PDF Image | Humidification Dehumidification Solar Desalination System
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