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itself. However, it can be as cost effective as a normal heat recovery system using a recuperator because the regenerative burners do not have added cost of hot air piping or preheated air burners, for example. These systems are not recommended for use where the flue gases contain large amount of particulates, condensable vapors, combustibles, or other type of contaminants. Waste Heat Recovery Boilers Waste heat boilers are ordinarily water tube boilers in which the hot exhaust gases from gas turbines, incinerators, etc., pass over a number of parallel tubes containing water. The water is vaporized in the tubes and collected in a steam drum from which it is drawn out and used as heating or processing steam. Because the exhaust gases are usually in the medium temperature range and to conserve space, a more compact boiler can be produced if the water tubes are finned in order to increase the effective heat transfer area on the gas side. Exhibit A-6 shows a waste heat boiler system used to recover heat from a gas turbine exhaust. Exhibit A-6: Waste Heat Boiler (HRSG) Application for Gas Turbine Exhaust Gases The gases, ranging from 900°–1,100°F (480°-590°C) are used in a water tube boiler with supplementary fuel. The steam is used for process heating or power generation in the plant. The boilers are fairly efficient (65%–70%) in recovering heat. A similar arrangement can be used for recovering waste heat from furnaces or heaters. The pressure of the generated steam and the rate at which steam is produced are limited by the temperature of waste heat. The pressure of a pure vapor in the presence of its liquid is a function of the temperature of the liquid from which it is evaporated. The steam tables tabulate this relationship between saturation pressure and temperature. If the waste heat in the exhaust gases is insufficient for generating the required amount of process steam, auxiliary burners, which burn fuel in the waste heat boiler, or an after-burner in the exhaust gas flue, are added. Before pursuing use of waste heat boilers, consider that these boilers are only economically justified when exhaust gas streams contain a relatively large (>10 MM Btu/hr) amount of heat. Also consider the following barriers as well: Size limitations – good for large size systems Industrial Waste Heat Recovery Page 48PDF Image | Industrial Waste Heat Recovery: Potential
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