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Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 200 9 of 12 Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 200 9 of 13 Figure 7. EDS characterization within the wear track: (a) EDS pattern of wear track for bottom Figure 7. EDS characterization within the wear track: (a) EDS pattern of wear track for bottom disc; disc; (b) SEM image of wear track; (c) EDS report of different elements; (d) elemental mapping (b) SEM image of wear track; (c) EDS report of different elements; (d) elemental mapping Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 200 10 of 13 charcahcatrearcizteartiizoantionfMofoMoonothnethweewareatratcrkac;k(e;)(e)lemlemenetnatlaml mapappininggcchhaarracterizationoffSontheweeaarrtrack. track. XPS was employed to study the surface chemical composition of the wear scars of the steel discs, which were lubricated by paroline oil with MoS2 QDs, revealing visible Mo and S peaks. As shown in Figure 8, the XPS peaks of Mo in Figure 8a were mainly attributed to Mo–O or Mo–S. The Mo and the S peaks at 235.7 eV and 165.1 eV corresponded to MoS2, confirming the formation of the MoS2 tribo-film on the wear scar, in agreement with the O–S of O1s at 531.6 eV in Figure 8b,c [26]. The peak of the bond energy of 168.9 eV in Figure 8b was attributed to S2p, i.e., the bond of sulfur to oxygen (S–O). The peak in bonding energy at 168.9 eV was attributed to S2p in Figure 8b, i.e., the bonding of sulfur to oxygen (S–O) [27]. Accordingly, it shows the presence of oxides of Mo in the tribo-film, whereas the peak at 226.3 eV was attributed to S (S2s) rather than Mo [13]. The peak of S2p appeared at the binding energy of 169.3 eV, corresponding to the S4+ state realized in FeSO4 [28]. The peak component of S2p at the low bonding energy of 162.1 eV was attributed to the presence of Fe-S [13]. Thus, the above results reveal that fewer nano-MoS2 QDs were oxidized to MoO3, and the tribo-film with MoS2 QDs had more MoS2 but less MoO3 [29]. These peaks demonstrate that the patched composite film consisted of MoS2, FeS, and sulfate, which was the source of improved tribological performance and enhanced lubricant durability. The combination of MoS2 QDs and paroline oil facilitated the formation of the tribo-film. Figure8.XPSresultsofwearscarsonthesteeldiscslubricatedbyparolineoilwithMoS QDs:(a)Mo3d; Figure 8. XPS results of wear scars on the steel discs lubricated by paroline oil with M2oS2 QDs: (a) (b) S2p; (c) O1s. Mo3d; (b) S2p; (c) O1s. According to the above results, a ball-on disc schematic diagram of the sliding process is shown in Figure 9. Paroline oil can adsorb onto the rubbing interface and form a tribo-film, which plays a protective role during the friction process. With the addition of MoS2 QDs, the nano-additives and paroline oil self-assemble and form a nanocomposite layer on the sliding regions during the rubbing process, such as MoS2, MoO3, FeS, FeSO4, etc., thus minimizing friction and wear. The improvement in tribological performance indicates that the composite oil can easily form a tribo-film and adsorb ontotheweartrackduringtheslidingprocess.Therefore,MoS QDshaveanti-wearandanti-frictionPDF Image | Nano-MoS2 Quantum Dots as Liquid Lubricant Additive for Tribo
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