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Energies 2020, 13, 370 Energies 2020, 13, x 10 of 31 Energies 2020, 13, x 10 of 31 Figure 3. Partial heating s-CO2 cycle. Figure 3. Partial heating s-CO2 cycle. 2 The partial heating cycle can still be thought of as being composed of two ellementary Brayton The partial heating cycle can still be thought of as being composed of two elementary Brayton cycles, both operating between the minimum and maximum cycle temperature and sharing most of cycles, both operating between the minimum and maximum cycle temperature and sharing most of the equipment. The ffiirst elementary thermodynamic cycle (Figure 4a) is a non-recuperated cycle and the equipment. The first elementary thermodynamic cycle (Figure 4a) is a non-recuperated cycle and fully acts as a topping cycle because it receives heat from the external heat source in heater 1 and fully acts as a topping cycle because it receives heat from the external heat source in heater 1 and heater2aannddmmakakesesthtehehehaetaattathtethtuertbuirnbeinexeheaxuhsatuasvtaailvaabilleafbolrerfeocrovrecroy.vTerhye.sTehcoensdeceolenmdeenlteamryencytacrlye heater 2 and makes the heat at the turbine exhaust available for recovery. The second elementary (cFyicgluer(eF4igbu)ries 4abr)eicsuapreeracutepdecraytceled(csyeceleth(esegerteheengprreoecnespsreosc)etshsaetso)nthlyatpoanrtlyiapllyaraticatlslyasacatbsoatstoambointtgomcyicnleg. cycle (Figure 4b) is a recuperated cycle (see the green processes) that only partially acts as a bottoming Icnydclee.dI,nbdeeseide,sbresciodveesrirnegcohveeartinfrgomhetahteftropmpinthgecytocplepingthceyrcelceupinertahteorr(eactutpherlaotworer(atetmthpeerlaotwureer cycle. Indeed, besides recovering heat from the topping cycle in the recuperator (at the lower ltevmepl,evriaotluerteplreovcels,sv),ioitleatlspororecceesisv)e,sithaelastodrierceecitvlyesfrhoematthdeirexctleyrnfraolmheathtesoeuxrtceerninaltheahtesaotuerc2e(iantthe temperature level, violet process), it also receives heat directly from the external heat source in the hiegahter 2te(matptehreathuirgehlervtelm, rpederpatruorceslse)v.el, red process). heater 2 (at the higher temperature level, red process). (a) (b) (a) (b) Figure 4. Decomposition of the partial heating s-CO2 cycle into two elementary thermodynamic Figure 4. Decomposition of the partial heating s-CO2 cycle into two elementary thermodynamic Figure 4. Decomposition of the partial heating s-CO2 cycle into two elementary thermodynamic cycles: cycles: (a) First elementary cycle (topping); (b) Second elementary cycle. cycles: (a) First elementary cycle (topping); (b) Second elementary cycle. (a) First elementary cycle (topping); (b) Second elementary cycle. 2.1.3. Dual Recuperated s-CO2 Power Cycle 2.1.3. Dual Recuperated s-CO2 Power Cycle Figure 5 showsthellayouttooffththeedduuaallrerecucupperearatetdeds-sC-COO2 cycylec.leT.hTehCeOC2Oflowfloawt tahtetohuetloeuttoleftthoef Figure 5 shows the layout of the dual recuperated s-CO2 c2ycle. The CO2 flo2 w at the outlet of the tchoemcpormespsroersissosrpislitspinlittoitnwtotswtroeasmtresatmhasttahraetsaernetsteonttwtotrwecourpecruaptoersatinorpsairnapllaelra(LllTelR(LaTnRd HanTdRH).TRhe). compressor is split into two streams that are sent to two recuperators in parallel (LTR and HTR). The Tfihrsetfisrtsrteastmrea(m1)(mis h) eisahteedatiendtihnetLheTRLTbRybtyhetheexhexahuasut sotfotfhtehLeTLTTanadnd, s, usubbseseqquueenntltyly,,iintthe heater by first stream (m1) is1heated in the LTR by the exhaust of the LTT and, subsequently, in the heater by the externallheattssoouurrcceebbeefoforereexexppanansisoinonininthteheHHTT.T.hTehseecsoecnodnsdtrsetarmeam(m(m) i2s) hiseahteadteind tihnethHeTHRTbRy the external heat source before expansion in the HTT. The second stream (2m2) is heated in the HTR tbhyetehxeheaxuhsatuosfttohfetHheTTHTbeTfobreefoerxepeaxnpsaionnsiionnthinetLhTeTL.TATft.eArfhterathreeactorveecroyveinrythine HthTeRH(T5R–6()5a–n6d) aindthine by the exhaust of the HTT before expansion in the LTT. After heat recovery in the HTR (5–6) and in LthTeRL(T8–R9()8,–th9e),twheothweoathdeeaptldeetepdleetexdhaeuxshtasutsrteasmtresaamresmariexemdi,xaendd,atnhdertehseidreusaidlhueaalthiesarteijsecrtejedctoedthteo the LTR (8–9), the two heat depleted exhaust streams are mixed, and the residual heat is rejected to ethneviernovnimroenmt iennthienctohoelceoro(1le0r–(11)0d–o1w) dnotwonthteodtheesirdeedsicroedmcpormespsorresisnolertinstlaetes.tate. the environment in the cooler (10–1) down to the desired compressor inlet state. 10 of 31PDF Image | Novel Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery
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