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Abstract ORC as a power generation method from medium and low thermal grade heat sources is currently a strong player in the market. Unprecedented energy demand, more environmental concerns and abundant low grade heat have motivated great actions for ORC usage. In this study, various fields which ORC can cost effectively be applied is evaluated and relevant cost reduction options are suggested. By considering different applications, classification on produced power range and heat source temperature is implemented. Used medium, applied equipment and the cost of the system are investigated. Reasons on how the ORC can cost effectively fit into each system is presented. Influence of ORC application on cost, thermal and in some cases exergy efficiencies, system payback time, internal rate of return and net present value depending on rival technologies have been studied to support the idea. In section ΙΙ with more details, case of rather low temperature grade ORC especially with solar based heat source is studied. A computer model is developed to compare thermal and exergy efficiencies, output power and turbine size factor as cost and performance indicators for different conditions. Biomass and geothermal based ORC along with solar ORC with storage system can be considered as renewable resources in an acceptable cost to produce power. Waste heat recovery opportunities same as, waste heats in steel, cement, oil and gas, glass and vehicles industries and internal combustion engines are strongly recommended. Micro scale ORCs as modular units in home and office usages, remote areas power generation for about 2 billion people who do not have grid connected electricity in addition to solar desalination micro units and ORC in ocean thermal energy conversion are proven to be interesting applications of micro ORCs. ORC as bottoming cycle of recuperative or high pressure ratio gas turbines, micro gas turbines and fuel cells are also considered as other cost effective options. Moreover, it was shown that using ORC in combination with cooling and heating systems will improve the performance and decrease the cost of system. From computer model it was concluded that degree of superheats, evaporator and condenser pressures, fluid type and mass flow rates on ORC, heat sources and heat sinks sides, pumps efficiency, turbine types, etc, have significant effect on ORC performance and cost. 1PDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycle cost evaluation at different technologies
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