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Copper tape of 1.6 mil thickness was used to form each actuator electrode. In each case the overlap between the exposed and covered electrode was set to 1⁄2 of the dielectric thickness (which was varied in the investigation). Unless otherwise noted, the width of both the exposed and covered electrodes was kept constant at 2.54 cm and 5.08 cm, respectively. The length of both electrodes was either 10.16 cm or 20.32 cm, depending on the particular experiment. The upstream edge of the exposed electrode was covered with three layers of 2-mil-thick Kapton polyimide film to avoid the formation of plasma at that edge. The covered electrode was insulated with two layers of 30 mil thick high voltage tape (3M Scotch 130C). The voltage applied to the actuator is measured by a LeCroy PE20kV DC frequency compensated high voltage probe. The current through the actuator is measuredby two Pearson Electronics Model 2100 current meters. The current meters are installedon both high voltage wires near the plasma actuator to exclude the additional current dueto the corona discharge around relatively long high-voltage wires. The signals from allthese devices are processed in real time by a LeCroy LT262 oscilloscope, whichcalculates the AC power dissipation at the plasma actuator. The signals from the twocurrent meters are slightly different (within 10%) due to some charge leakage to ambientspace. An average of the two current meter signals was used for the power calculation. 6.3.Effect Dielectric Material and Thickness Three layers of 2 mil thick Kapton polyimide film have often been used as a dielectric barrier in SDBD plasma actuators used for flow control. Therefore, thrust measurements using 6 mil Kapton as the dielectric will be considered a baseline case against which actuators using other dielectric materials will be compared. The thrust per unit span measured for the plasma actuator using 6 mil Kaptondielectric . The measured actuator thrust per unit span is plotted as a function of the applied rms AC voltage. The AC frequency used for the Kapton based actuator is 4.4 kHz which is similar to that used in many previous flow control studies, The maximum measured thrust per unit span was about 0.022 N/m. Unless otherwise noted, measured values are stated at 3% relative uncertainty at 20:1 odds. The maximum achievable voltage for this baseline case was approximately 5 kVrms or 17 kVpp .For higher applied voltages, filamentary structures (streamers) were observed to develop in the plasma. Once streamer formation occurred, further increases in applied voltage did not result in a significant increase in thrust but 28PDF Image | PLASMA FUNCTIONALIZATION OF MULTI-SCALE STRUCTURES
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