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Compared to the period 2010-2014, the data for 2015-2019 shows a reduction in the share of newly commissioned projects in the USD 600 to USD 1200/kW range and an increase in the capacity of projects above that. The shift in the distribution of small hydropower projects is more pronounced, but has also been accompanied by a reduction in the skew of the distribution of projects, although there has also been growth in the tail of more expensive projects, compared to 2010-2014. Total installed costs for large hydropower (more than 10 MW) are highest in Oceania and Central America and the Caribbean, while lowest in China and India (Figure 5.5). For the period 2015-2019, the weighted-average installed cost in China was USD 1 264/kW, while in Brazil it was USD 1 460/kW and in India it was USD 1 349/kW. In Other Asia, it was USD 1 630/kW and in Other South America it was USD 2 029/kW. Not surprisingly, regions with higher costs tend to have lower deployment rates. Due to the very site-specific development costs of hydropower projects, the range in installed costs for hydropower tends to be wide. Part of this variation is due to the variation in development costs, civil engineering, logistics and grid connection costs. Some variation may also be driven by the non-energy requirements integrated into different projects – for example, to provide other services, such as potable water, flood control, irrigation and navigation. These services are included in the hydropower project costs, but are typically not remunerated. It is therefore worth noting that these benefits are not included in the LCOE calculations in this chapter. A comparison between installed costs for large and small hydro plants shows that small hydro plants generally have between 20% and 80% higher installed costs when compared to large hydro plants. The exception is in the Central America and the Caribbean, and Oceania regions, where installed costs are higher for large Figure 5.5 Total installed costs ranges and capacity weighted averages for large hydropower projects by country/ region, 2010-2019 HYDROPOWER 4 000 2 000 0 Africa Brazil Central America and the Caribean China Eurasia Europe India Middle North East America Oceania Other Asia Other South America Capacity (MW) ≤ 11 200 400 600 800 ≥ 1 000 Source: IRENA Renewable Cost Database. 95 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2010-2014 2015-2019 2019 USD/kWPDF Image | RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION COSTS IN 2019
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