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Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles

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Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles ( reuse-and-recycling-batteries-employed-electric-vehicles )

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Table 2: Annual Sales and Market Share Projections of EVs in the US Projection of Annual EV Sales (Units) in US (Based on total annual light-duty vehicle sales of approximately 17.2 million units)4 38% of total EV sales (BEVs, PHEVs and HEVs) in 2025 1.5 million in 2025 (8.82% market share) 3 million by 2028 (17.65% of new auto sales) 1.28 million by 2026 (7.6% of total US vehicle sales)9 650,000 by 2025 120 BEV models available Source JP Morgan (2018)6 Loren McDonald/EVAdoption.com (2019)8 IHS Markit (2019)10 LMC Automotive (2018)13 1.4 million in 2025 3.5 million by 2030 (> 20% of total vehicle sales)3 Edison Electric Institute for Electric Innovation (2018)5 1.3 million BEVs and PHEVs in 2025 (8% of total vehicle sales) US Energy Information Administration (EIA) (2019)7 9.8% of all new car sales by 2025 59.6% by 2040 Bloomberg New Energy Finance (2019)9 20% to 30% PHEVs or BEVs by 203011 50% to 60% including “mild and full” hybrids by 2030 Boston Consulting Group (2019)12 16% (reference case) by 2040 to 64% (technology case) by 2040 BEV and PHEV in Canada Canada’s National Energy Board (2019)14 8% EV (of new vehicles sold) in the US by 2030 under the New Policies Scenario 29% EV (of new vehicles sold) in Canada by 2030 under the New Policies Scenario > 30% of all vehicles sold in the US and Canada by 2030 under the EV30@30 Scenario International Energy Agency (IEA) (2019)15 In addition, some groups include all types of EVs (HEV, PHEV and BEV) in their projections whereas others 4 18.7 million EVs on the road by 2030 (7% of the 259 million vehicle US stock by 2030) 5 Edison Electric Institute. “Report: Electric Vehicle Sales Forecast and the Charging Infrastructure Required Through 2030.” 6 J.P. Morgan. October 10, 2018. “Driving into 2025: The Future of Electric Vehicles.” 7 Annual Energy Outlook 2019 with projections to 2050.” 8 EV Adoption. “EV Sales Forecasts.” 9 Bloomberg NEF. “Electric Vehicle Outlook 2019.” 10 IHS Markit forecasts EV sales to reach US market share of 7.6% in 2026.” 11 This projection estimates that 7% to 12% of all vehicles will be plug-in hybrid or pure electric by 2030 12 Electric Vehicles are a Multibillion-Dollar Opportunity for Utilities.” 13 ”LMC Automotive’s EV Outlook.” December 3, 2018. 14 National Energy Board. “Canada’s Energy Future 2018: Energy Supply and Demand Projections to 2040.” 15 International Energy Agency. “Global EV Outlook 2019.” KELLEHER RESEARCH STUDY ON REUSE AND RECYCLING OF BATTERIES EMPLOYED IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES FINAL REPORT SEPTEMBER, 2019 PAGE 6 markit-forecasts-ev- Are-a-Multibillion-

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