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sold under the RIXI brand after being de-branded and rewrapped with the ITAP QC Grade. They are then reintegrated into new products which are branded and sold around the world. Mr. Lundgren stressed during an email exchange that the key is to ensure that battery grades aren’t mixed. He also noted that the battery packs will only work as well as their weakest link. A bad cell will bottleneck a pack, so the testing and grading process is very important. Fiat has worked with ITAP to identify options for batteries from its electric 500e model. ITAP staff open up the battery packs and pull out the individual flat cells, test the cells to identify their current capacity, and either resells or repurposes them.74 ITAP runs their facility in Chatsworth, California using power from salvaged solar panels mounted on the facility’s roof with energy stored in battery packs comprised of reused EV cells. Plans were announced in 2017 to expand the capacity of the system to 1MW which would not only supply all the power needs of the facility but also allow it to supply emergency electricity to the local utility.75 4.3.3 OtherBatteryReuseCompanies Sybesma’s Electronics, Holland, MI Initially established as an automotive and electronics repair company, Sybesma’s Electronics now also offers li-ion and nickel-based battery refurbishment, repair, and recycling services for BEVs and PHEVs. Sybesma’s services include returning logistics of high voltage battery modules from dealers and dismantlers, recycling preparation, cell grading, and balancing of cells for secondary use.76 Battery M.D. Inc., Sacramento, CA Battery M.D., Inc. owns and operates a battery laboratory and electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicle repair facility.77 According to its website, Battery M.D. was selected as the exclusive battery repair company by GM, Ford, Chrysler, and Toyota for approximately 4,000 EVs from 1999 to present. In addition to performing high-voltage battery pack repairs, the company specializes in HEV battery remanufacturing (reconditioning), component harvesting and verification, and battery recycling.78 74 Cunningham, W. December 5, 2017. ”For dead EV batteries, reuse comes before recycle.”PDF Image | Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles
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