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• Collection partnerships with communities, schools, colleges, and waste management agencies. With a processing capacity of 5,000 tonnes of li-ion batteries per year, the new recycling site will complement the Imperium3 New York, Inc. giga-factory in Endicott, which will make li-ion batteries. SungEel HiTech will provide the recycling technology and Metallica Commodities Corp. will broker incoming batteries and the products of the new business. SMCC says the recycling facility will create over 100 research, engineering, and manufacturing jobs.145 In total, the company will invest $22 million on specialized M&E and $1.3 million on construction and renovation. Very little information is available since the initial announcement. 5.2.9 Battery Resourcers, Worcester, Massachusetts (US) Founded in 2015, Battery Resourcers, a spin- off of Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) based in Worcester, MA, has developed a recycling process with an exclusive license from WPI that recovers cathode materials from a mixture of EOL li-ion batteries. It involves both physical separation and hydrometallurgical processing. Battery Resourcers’ process begins with discharging and shredding the batteries into small pieces. Sieves are then used to separate the metals (steel, copper, aluminum, graphite) and plastics from the powders, which include the cathode materials. The powders then enter a proprietary hydrometallurgical process that recovers lithium, nickel, manganese, and cobalt by chemical leaching. The pH of the leached solution is adjusted to remove impurities and precipitate out new cathode materials. Battery Resourcers’ process to recycle li-on batteries (regardless of size, shape, or chemistry) is done at low temperatures and without creating toxic waste while recovering over 90% of the battery and 70% of the battery material value. As stated in a February 2017 article by the National Science Foundation, “a unique feature of Battery Resourcers’ hydrometallurgical process is that the ratio of nickel, manganese, and cobalt can be adjusted, which allows a diverse stream of li-ion batteries to be recycled and a consistent NMC end product to be recovered, such as NMC 532 or NMC 111.” The company reports that the NMC 532 and NMC 111 it has recovered on a lab scale has the same impurity concentrations, density, and electrochemical properties as commercial materials. This technology was initially developed in 2012 in the lab of Yan Wang, William Smith Foundation Dean’s Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at WPI. In 2018, led by CEO Eric Gratz, the WPI team scaled the technology from the bench scale, 50 kg of end-of-life batteries per batch, to the pilot scale where the current facility can process 500 kg of EOL batteries per day (equivalent to one EV battery pack per day). The pilot plant is processing batteries from major vehicle OEMs as well as production scrap from 145 New York Battery and Energy Storage Technology Consortium. November 20, 2018. “NY-BEST Newsletter – November 20, 2018.”PDF Image | Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles
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