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This research provided momentum to continue developing the hydrometallurgical pilot plant in Figure 28. The process has since been patented under US Patent No. 8460681, Canada Patent No. 2808627, Chinese Patent No. 201180050306.7, and Republic of South Africa Patent No. 2013/01364. Key aspects described in the US patent application (awarded December, 2018) are: • Treatment of several cathode chemistries such as LCO, NMC and NCA. • Methods for achieving 100% recoveries of cobalt, nickel, manganese, aluminum for all cathode chemistries tested. • Method for achieving 100% lithium recovery by a novel locked cycle process. The US Patent examiner deemed American Manganese’s technology “novel” and “inventive” as it enables the recycling of valuable cathode metals (namely cobalt, nickel, manganese, aluminum and lithium) while converting these materials back to fresh cathode materials for manufacture of new li-ion batteries. Staff interviewed for this project indicated that approval of the first patent took 13 months, as the patent office needed to carefully search and confirm that no other companies were doing something similar. The second patent took 81 days, considerably shorter as the Patent Office wascomfortable thatnoothercompanywasdoingexactlythesamething. A simplified flow sheet of American Manganese’s recycling process is illustrated in Figure 23. Figure 23 American Manganese Battery Recycling Flow Sheet 151 The American Manganese process treats cathode material containing a combination of lithium, 151 American Manganese Business Plan December, 2018 . https://americanmanganeseinc.com/investor-info-2/amy-business-plan/ KELLEHER RESEARCH STUDY ON REUSE AND RECYCLING OF BATTERIES EMPLOYED IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES FINAL REPORT SEPTEMBER, 2019 PAGE 65PDF Image | Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles
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