Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles

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Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles ( reuse-and-recycling-batteries-employed-electric-vehicles )

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Appendix I: Examples of EV Batteries Used in Energy Storage Projects Renault and Powervault In 2017, Renault, Europe’s largest EV manufacturer, partnered with domestic battery provider Powervault Ltd. to reuse its EV batteries in home energy storage units. Nissan Leaf Energy Storage Projects Nissan has been heavily involved in a number of energy storage projects using batteries from their Leaf EV. In 2015, Nissan partnered with Eaton, a power management company, for its EV batteries to be reused for home energy storage.405 The home battery system, called XStorage, connects to a residential power supply and charges up when either renewable energy is available or when energy from the grid is at its cheapest.406 The XStorage Home System has a nominal capacity of 4.2kWh and is based around LMO battery chemistry. It is intended to be used either in combination with rooftop solar or to offset grid consumption in areas with time-of-day pricing.407 The units, which are assembled in Morocco but are produced in Sunderland, UK, cost approximately US$6,500 (£5,000) and come with a 5-year warranty.408 Figure 72 shows the Johann Cruyff Arena in Amsterdam, Netherlands, which has a 3MW/2.8MWh back- up power supply made up of 148 Nissan Leaf batteries - 63 used EV battery packs and 85 new battery packs, charged by solar panels on the roof stadium.409 405 Siegel, RP. December 1, 2017. “System Gives Used EV Batteries a Second Life in the Solar PV Storage Market.” 406Sit, S.-S. May 5, 2017. “Man City gets behind recycled car batteries.” 407 Siegel, RP. December 1, 2017. “System Gives Used EV Batteries a Second Life in the Solar PV Storage Market.” 408 Jutti, K. June 1, 2017. “Xstorage Home Battery Launched by Nissan.” 409 Hutt, R. July 6, 2018. “This Dutch football stadium creates its own energy and stores it in electric car batteries.” https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/07/netherlands-football-johan-cruijff-stadium-electric-car-batteries/ KELLEHER RESEARCH STUDY ON REUSE AND RECYCLING OF BATTERIES EMPLOYED IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES FINAL REPORT SEPTEMBER, 2019 PAGE 197

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