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The Smart Grid: An Estimation of the Energy and CO2 Benefits

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The Smart Grid: An Estimation of the Energy and CO2 Benefits ( the-smart-grid-an-estimation-energy-and-co2-benefits )

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Contents Summary ............................................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgments................................................................................................................................. ix Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... xi 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1.1 2.0 Smart Grid – What it Is, What it Does, and Who it Benefits....................................................... 2.1 2.1 Primary Assets ..................................................................................................................... 2.3 2.2 Enabling Assets .................................................................................................................... 2.5 2.3 Functions: Operational Objectives ...................................................................................... 2.5 2.4 The Business Case for a Smart Grid .................................................................................... 2.7 3.0 Mechanism Methodology and Summaries ................................................................................... 3.1 3.1 The Smart Grid and Energy Efficiency ................................................................................ 3.5 3.1.1 Conservation Effect of Consumer Information and Feedback Systems.................... 3.7 3.1.2 Joint Marketing of Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Programs ................. 3.10 3.1.3 Key Enabling Technology: Disaggregation of Total Loads into End Uses ............. 3.11 3.1.4 Deployment of Diagnostics in Residential and Small/Medium Commercial Buildings ................................................................................................................... 3.17 3.1.5 Measurement & Verification for Energy Efficiency Programs................................. 3.19 3.1.6 Shifting Load to More Efficient Generation ............................................................. 3.22 3.1.7 Support Additional Electric V ehicles and Plug-In Hybrid Electric V ehicles ........... 3.24 3.1.8 Conservation V oltage Reduction and Advanced V oltage Control ............................ 3.27 3.2 The Smart Grid and Renewables.......................................................................................... 3.29 3.2.1 Support Penetration of Renewable Solar Generation ................................................ 3.32 3.2.2 Support Penetration of Renewable Wind Generation ............................................... 3.34 4.0 Comparison with Related Studies................................................................................................. 4.1 4.1 Review of Related Studies ................................................................................................... 4.1 4.1.1 Electric Power Research Institute Green Grid Study ................................................ 4.1 4.1.2 Climate Group/Information and Control Technologies Report................................. 4.2 4.1.3 Hledik Article: How Green is the Smart Grid? ......................................................... 4.4 4.2 Comparison .......................................................................................................................... 4.5 5.0 Recommendations and Issues ....................................................................................................... 5.1 5.1 Mechanism Recommendations ............................................................................................ 5.1 5.1.1 Conservation Effect of Consumer Information and Feedback Systems.................... 5.1 5.1.2 Deployment of Diagnostics in Residential and Small/Medium Commercial Buildings ................................................................................................................... 5.1 5.1.3 Joint Marketing of Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Programs ................. 5.2 5.1.4 Measurement & Verification for Energy Efficiency Programs................................. 5.2 5.1.5 Shifting Load to More Efficient Generation ............................................................. 5.2 xiii

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