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Energies 2020, 13, 6576 9 of 24 To this purpose, different DHW demand profiles have been created using DHWcalc [39]. These profiles are generated randomly but with a fixed value of liters/year. The simulations were performed for 10 years considering four different profiles, 3 of them were different, 1 year profiles repeated during the 10 years period, and the last one was composed of 10 year profile in which each Energies 2020, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 9 of 25 year was different. The cases chosen are the optimal ones for the variable-water volume and the stratified case without bypass and without limitations. Table 2 shows the results obtained for all obtained system configurations and their associated energy consumption will not depend the cases from the energy point of view, and it is seen that no significant differences are observed significantly on the stochasticity associated to the DHW demand. among the different cases, depending on the stochasticity associated to the DHW generation program. Therefore, the obtained system configurations and their associated energy consumption will not Table 2. Demand profile influence analysis results. depend significantly on the stochasticity associated to the DHW demand. 1 year profile: P1 SPF1 Variable-Volume Case SPFuser 1 year profile: P2 1 year profile: P1 5.80 Stratified Case Variable-Volume Case Case 5.80 Volume Case Case SPF1 SPFuser Table 2. Demand profile influence analysis results. Variable- Volume Case Stratified Variable- Stratified Stratified Case 5.77 7.79 7.77 5.77 5.77 This subsection presents the obtained results for the cases presented in Table 1 in detail. This subsection presents the obtained results for the cases presented in Table 1 in detail. 3.2.1. Variable-Water-Volume Case Results 3.2.1. Variable-Water-Volume Case Results 1 year profile: P3 5.80 5.80 5.79 5.79 5.79 7.83 7.79 7.78 7.77 1 year profile: P2 1 year p1ro0fiylee: aPr3 profile 5.79 5.77 7.79 7.78 7.78 7.78 10 year profile 5.77 5.57.77 5.77 7.83 7.79.79 7.79 7.78 7.78 3.2. Obtained Results for Each Case 3.2. Obtained Results for Each Case The results corresponding to the variable-water-volume case are presented in Error! Reference The results corresponding to the variable-water-volume case are presented in Figure 4. It shows source not found.. It shows the results for the different values of the optimization variables: SHP size the results for the different values of the optimization variables: SHP size and tank volume are and tank volume are illustrated in a map for the value of the optimization variable alpha of 0.4. The illustrated in a map for the value of the optimization variable alpha of 0.4. The performance map for performance map for the annual energy consumption and the SHP working hours are included in the annual energy consumption and the SHP working hours are included in Figure 4. However, the rest Error! Reference source not found.. However, the rest of the maps for all the alpha values have been of the maps for all the alpha values have been also considered for the conclusions here included. also considered for the conclusions here included. (( Fiigurre 4.. Peerrfforrmaanncceemaapssooffttheeannuaalleeneerrgycconssumpttiionandworrkiinghourrssfforrtthevalluessoff Subcoolled heatt pump and tank size and an alpha value of 0.4 of the variable-water-volume case. As it has been commented, the results show that there does not exist a best case but a flat map As it has been commented, the results show that there does not exist a best case but a flat map of best cases with a reduced difference among them. The performance maps show the tendencies of best cases with a reduced difference among them. The performance maps show the tendencies commented in the following: commented in the following: • ThewwhhitieterergeigoinoncorcroersrpeosnpdonsdtosStHoPS-vHoPlu-vmoelucmomebcionmatbioinsatwiohnischwdhoicnhotdsoatinsfoytthsaeticsofmyfothrte croitmerfioar.t criteria. • SHP size: the maxiimumssyysstetempperefrofromrmanacneceisirsearecahcehdefdorfothrethloewloSwHPSHsiPzesi.zHeso.wHeovwere, vtheer,ttahnek tsainzekshizoeusldhobueldalsboedalesoigdnesdigineadgirneeamgreenetmweintht wititohmititnoimizneimthiezentheergeynecorgnysucmonpstuiomnp. tion. • Tank volume do not have so much impact as the SHP in the energy consumption of the system. • When the SHP increases its size, the use of small tanks penalizes the efficiency of the system. • For each SHP size, exists an optimum tank volume for a fixed value of the parameter alpha. In that sense, for a given SHP size, the use of a tank smaller than the optimum will penalize more the system efficiency than the use of a tank larger than the optimum.PDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage Strategy Booster Heat Pump Low Temp
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