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Energies 2020, 13, 6576 14 of 24 Figure 12, the results for the annual energy consumption and the SHP working hours are represented. All these results have been presented for the best value of the optimization variable Figure 11. Annual energy consumption as a function of tank volume and SHP size for the stratified MWOFF (200 kg/h). system without by-pass when the energy availability is limited for different MWOFF values. (( Figure 12. Performance maps for the control node placed in the 1st node and a MWOFF value of Figure 12. Performance maps for the control node placed in the 1st node and a MWOFF value of 200 200 kg/h considering sewage water limitation as a restriction of the annual energy consumption and kg/h considering sewage water limitation as a restriction of the annual energy consumption and working hours for the values of SHP and tank size. working hours for the values of SHP and tank size. Regarding the observed trends, several comments can be done: Limitation Total Water Use of the System • There is a significant reduction of the amount of system configurations (SHP-tank size able to In order to analyze the restriction on the low temperature heat source in such a way that the satisfy the comfort requirements). water mass flow is limited but not the energy use, the system configuration shown in Figure 10 has • The size of the SHP required is larger than when there is no limitation in the energy source. • For a given SHP size, the range of water tanks compatible with the comfort requirements is reduced. This will imply that the system will be more sensible to design parameters. • For a given SHP size, the optimum tank volume is the smaller tank compatible with the comfort restrictions. • The value of MWOFF has been significantly reduced (approximately 200 kg/h). • With this limitation there is a total energy consumption increase of 5% compared to variable-water-volume case with the same energy use from the source. • The number of operating hours of the SHP has also increased compared to the previous case in which there was no limitation in the energy recovered from the water heat source. Limitation Total Water Use of the System In order to analyze the restriction on the low temperature heat source in such a way that the water mass flow is limited but not the energy use, the system configuration shown in Figure 10 has been arranged. The daily water use from the low temperature heat source of the variable-water-volume case has been used as the daily limit. While this limit is not reached, it was considered to store the energy at the outlet of the evaporator of the SHP. In this way, when the daily limit is reached, the hot water network flow at 30 ◦C is stopped and the system could take the water from the tank where the outlet of the SHP evaporator has been stored instead of taking it from the network at 10 o C, as shown in Figure 10. In Figure 13, the results for the annual energy consumption and SHP working hours has been represented as a function of the SHP-tank size for the MWOFF value of 300 kg/h. Regarding the obtained results for this case, the following statements can be done: • The map of possible solutions is similar to the obtained for the stratified cases without any limitation in the heat source. • The total energy use from the water has increases in 10% compared to the variable-water-volume case. • The energy consumption in this case is higher than for the variable-water-volume case.PDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage Strategy Booster Heat Pump Low Temp
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