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Molecules 2020, 25, 5572 14 of 26 Table 3. Data collected on the melting points and enthalpies of fusion of saturated asymmetrical triglycerides for all polymorphs. The abbreviation indicates the chain length of the precursor fatty acid: for example, 1,3-dilaurin-2-caprin is derived from glycerol, two lauric acid molecules and one capric acid molecule, whose carbon numbers are 12, 12 and 10 respectively. The two lauric acid chains are found at the extremes of the molecule (positions 1 and 3), while the capric acid is in the middle (position 2). Therefore, 1,3-dilaurin-2-caprin is indicated as 12.10.12. Next to the abbreviations, the common given names of each triglycerides are indicated with a short abbreviation within brackets. The abbreviations are written by selecting the first letter of the precursor fatty acid in the position in which is found in the molecule. In particular: L = lauric acid, C = capric acid, M = myristic acid, P = palmitic acid, S = stearic acid, B = behenic acid. Additionally, SAT have been divided in different subgroups based on the acid of provenance. For example, LCL, PMP and SPS are all derived from two acids with a certain carbon number at the extremes of the molecule (n), and an acid shorter than the others by 2 carbons (n-2) in the middle position. As such, they belong to the group n.n-2.n. The group n1.n2.n3 includes triglycerides derived from three different fatty acids. The melting points reported are based on the peak temperatures in ◦C, and the enthalpies are expressed in J/g. The superscript numbers on each measurement value indicate the reference from which the value has been extracted. Missing values have been indicated with the “-” sign. Abbreviation 12.10.12 16.14.16 18.16.18 10.12.10 14.16.14 16.18.16 10.10.12 14.14.16 16.16.18 10.14.14 12.16.16 18.22.22 18.10.16 16.14.12 18.14.16 Structure Given Name 1,3-dilaurin-2-caprin (LCL) 1,3-dipalmitin-2-myristin (PMP) 1,3-distearin-2-palmitin (SPS) 1,3-dicaprin-2-laurin (CLC) 1,3-dimyristin-2-palmitin (MPM) 1,3-dipalmitin-2-stearin (PSP) 1,2-dicaprin-3-laurin (CCL) 1,2-dimyristin-3-palmitin (MMP) 1,2-dipalmitin-3-stearin (PPS) 1-caprin-2,3-dimyristin (CMM) 1-laurin-2,3-dipalmitin (LPP) 1-stearin-2,3-dibehenin (SBB) 1-stearin-2-caprin-3-palmitin (SCP) 1-palmitin-2-myristin-3-laurin (PML) 1-stearin-2-myristin-3-palmitin (SMP) Saturated Asymmetrical Triglycerides (SAT) Melting Point (Peak [◦C]) ∆H [J/g] β’ β - - α 5.1 [28], 2.0 [11] 39.2 [28] 50.8 [28], 50.0 [11] 6.1 [28], 6.0 [11] 36.3 [28], 37.0 [11] 47.3 [28], 49.0 [11] 0.1 [28], 0.0 [11] β’ β 37.5 [28], 38.5 [11], 38.5 [29] 60.0 [28], 60.0 [29] 68.1 [28], 68.0 [11], 68.0 [29] 37.6 [28], 37.5 [11] 59.3 [28], 60.0 [11] 68.0 [11] 30.1 [28], 30.0 [11], 30.0 [29] 53.4 [28], 52.0 [11], 54.0 [29] 62.7 [28], 62.5 [11], 62.5 [29] 43.6 [28], 43.5 [11], 43.5 [29] 54.5 [28], 54.0 [29] 73.6 [28], 73.2 [29] 54.3 [28] 48.6 [28] 59.7 [28] α - 101.4 [28] 119.3 [28] 117.8 [28] 124.0 [28] 134.3 [28] - 108.0 [28] 119.6 [28] - - - 106.8 [28] 102.3 [28] 115.2 [28] n.n-2.n 33.1 [28], 51.1 64.1 n.n+2.n 37.8 [28], 59.6 [28], 67.8 [28], 65.0 n.n.n+2 26.1 [28], 48.6 [28], 58.8 [28], n.n+4.n+4 38.1 [28], 49.6 71.6 n1.n2.n3 53.9 44.1 56.2 33.0 [11] [28] [28] 34.0 [11] 55.0 [11] [11], 65.5 [29] 26.0 [11] 47.5 [11] 59.5 [11] 38.0 [11] [28] [28] [28] [28] [28] - - 175.8 [28] 197.2 [28] 153.8 [28] - 169.3 [28] - 198.1 [28] - - - 26.9 [28], 36.0 46.5 [28], 46.5 15.1 [28], 15.0 32.1 [28] 61.4 [28] 20.2 [28] 36.6 [28] 41.0 [28] [11] [11] [11] 133.3 [28] 148.3 [28] 174.6 [28] 198.9 [28] - - - - - - - 130.0 [28] - 166.8 [28] 172.9 [28] 188.3 [28]PDF Image | Triglycerides as Novel Phase-Change Materials
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