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To regulate a waterway by means of the riverbank itself is verily to fight cause with effect. ...It can- not and should not be the task of the river engi- neer to correct Nature by violating her. Rather, in all watercourses requiring regulation his job should be to investigate Nature's processes as far as this is possible, and to emulate the examples that Nature provides in the way of healthy streams... Every violation, however, rebounds on the perpetrator. ...As water flows down a natural gradient, it does so according to a sublime inner law, whose power our hydraulic experts are quite unable to comprehend. ...The more the engineer endeavours to channel water, of whose spirit and where he is today still ignorant, by the shortest and straightest route to the sea, the more the flow of water weighs into the bends, the longer its path and the worse the water will become.1 In the light of this, unless the physical factor of temperature and the more immaterial magnitudes of the water's inherent energies are taken into consideration, no river engi- neering project will ever be wholly successful and in many cases will be downright harm- 13: The Dynamics of Flow 157 ful, for it is precisely upon these very subtle differences in temperature that the orderly drainage of water depends. The variations in the temperature of the water-body as a whole and in its various parts are so subtle, lying perhaps within a range of 0.1°C to 2.0°C, that contemporary hydraulic engineers have never paid the slightest heed to them. Indeed, they generally regard the tempera- ture of the water as irrelevant either to the form of the flow or to its energy. These small, but crucial, differences in water temperature were therefore never included in any hydraulic calculation. Nothing appears to have changed, as I dis- covered in my brief discussion with Professor John F. Kennedy described in chapter 8. This omission has had disastrous consequences not only for those living next to rivers con- ventionally regulated, but also for the general climate and for the quality of the water itself. Viktor Schauberger, on the other hand, considered these factors to be all-important and absolutely essential to all natural water resources management. He stated categori- Fig. 13.1 Alternate deposition and scouring 1. Flow from A to B occurs under a negative temperature gradient by which the water is increasingly warmed and begins to deposit its suspended sediment. 2.. Maximum deposition takes place at B, also the position of least carrying power. 3. The accumulation of sediment here causes water to back up, resulting in an overfall with a transverse horizontally aligned vortex immediately downstream from B. 4. Just after B, D or F these vortices not only cool the water, but also scour into the riverbed material, forming potholes. 5. As a result of this cooling vortexial action the temperature gradient from B to C becomes positive and the sediment is transported and not deposited. Deposition gradually occurs as the negative temperature gradient beginning at C becomes more intense. 6. This results in a similar situation at D to that occuring at B. Correction of this unwelcome phenomenon can be achieved by bringing about the extension of this alternation over longer distances through the incorporation of the appropriate internal flow control structures.PDF Image | Viktor Schauberger Work Explained
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