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174 Living Energies more sluggish and unable to keep its sedi- ment in suspension. 13.5 The Effects of Conventional River Engineering Of particular concern to Viktor Schau- berger was the way in which rivers were being regulated and water handled in total ignorance of Nature's laws. Forcing water to move in concrete trapezoid canals, in cylindrical steel pipes, etc., had the same effect as enshrouding a human being in a straitjacket, which makes it aggressive (effect of over-warming on the oxygen content), takes away its character, its freedom and robs it of all its energy. Under such conditions water can no longer remain benign and dis- ease-free, but becomes violent and disease- promoting. In fig. 13.18 taken from a textbook on hydraulics5, it can be seen that even in a straight channel, in this terrible 'straight'- jacket in which the water is confined, it still strives to dance, to waltz and, instead of flowing straight through this rigid canal, in which the flow should be straight and laminar according to hydraulic theory, the water still attempts to adopt its natural energetic flow- pattern in order to regain its former vitality. To give the reader an idea of what modern river regulation entails, let us examine a sec- tion of that famous river, the Rhine fig. 13.196, which, as documented in chapter 1, Viktor Schauberger fought very strenuously, but in vain, to save. As with all naturally flowing watercourses, the meandering pattern of flow shown here is the way in which the Rhine wanted to move. It was the way in which it was able to optimise its energy and carrying capacity, although by the time this regulation was carried out, no doubt a great deal of the surrounding countryside had been defor- ested, with the inevitable consequences already discussed. This natural pattern was not acceptable to the authorities, perhaps because it occupied too much space and very probably flooded fairly often. It was decided to build a trape- zoid canal of uniform cross-section for its full length. In other words, a constant was intro- duced into what is naturally a continually varying system, restricting the flow to a par- ticular dimension and, of course, the river, this now almost moribund body of water, was unable to transport its sediment. As a result the bed needed constant dredging in order to maintain a safe flood depth. The way the Rhine has been truncated with the construction of this trapezoid canal illustrates the awful deformation such regulations cause. All the wonderful serpen- tine bends have gone. There is nothing nat- ural in the river bends shown here. Shown in dark outline (fig. 13.19), this 'hard-edged' trapezoid channel was laid out by river engi- neers in the misplaced belief that the flow of water would be improved and drainage accelerated. The stark contrast between the configura- tion of naturally organic and artificially mechanical watercourses becomes even more apparent in figs. 13.20a and 13.20b7. In the first the variation in channel width, the radii and curvature of the river bends and the splitting of the channel can clearly be seen. These are entirely the result of the natural flow of water in this situation. It has carefully formed the bed in which it desires to move and can move with the least loss of energy. In the second, however, there is no variation in width at all. All the straight sections are very straight and all the bends have the same radius. The whole arrangement has a very sterile, unnatural and lifeless appearance and most certainly will deliver no vital, healthy water to the point of use. The design of this tree-less and shade-less irrigation canal also shows quite unequivocally that its designers were totally oblivious of the fact that water is a living substance and concerned themselves solely with the transport of a supposedly inert liquid. The drainage channel in fig. 13.21 shows what a trapezoid profile actually is. The choice of a trapezoid shape for these canals is founded on the rationale that the amount of water they can carry rises exponentially as the volume of flow increases. In fig. 13.22 at the bottom of the 'V the figure 1 denotes the cross-sectional area and height of thePDF Image | Viktor Schauberger Work Explained
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