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Sustainability 2019, 11, 1881 4 of 20 pressure, causing a variation in the respective dew-point temperature from 49.4 to 55.3 ◦C. Figure 2 shows the variation in the dew point of the water concerning the volume percentage of water vapor. Table 1. Flue gas properties. Properties Fuel gas source Flue gas mass flow rate Temperature Specific heat at constant pressure Moisture content Values Coal-fired power plant (600 MW) 750 kg/s 150 ◦C 1.131 kJ/kgK 12–16% Figure 2. Variation in dew point temperature concerning the volume percentage of water vapor content in flue gas. This study addressed a 16% volume of water vapor in the flue gas. Figure 3a relates the flue gas temperature to the saturation pressure of the water and water recovery efficiency. In this study, a target limit of 40 ◦C for the flue gas outlet temperature was established to obtain greater than 50% water recovery efficiency as shown in the figure. With a decrease in the flue gas temperature, the saturation pressure of the water also decreases; therefore, the water recovery efficiency increases as represented by the blue curve in Figure 3a. To recover more water from the flue gas via cooling, the amount of extracted heat from the flue gas has to increase. This is because, below the dew point temperature, latent heat comes into play because of the phase change. Thus, more energy extraction is required to decrease a particular degree of temperature as shown in Figure 3b. Figure 3. Characteristics of moisture content above the dew point for a 16% volume of water vapor in flue gas (a) variation in the partial pressure and water recovery efficiency with respect to the flue gas temperature. At 40 ◦C, the water recovery efficiency is greater than 50% (b) Cooling required for flue gas for moisture content condensation with variation in temperature.PDF Image | Waste Heat and Water Recovery System Optimization for Flue Gas
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