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Case Example A ceramic firm installed a heat wheel on the preheating zone of a tunnel kiln where 7500 m3/hour of hot gas at 300°C was being rejected to the atmosphere. The result was that the flue gas temperature was reduced to 150°C and the fresh air drawn from the top of the kiln was pre- heated to 155°C. The burner previously used for providing the preheated air was no longer required. The capital cost of the equipment was recovered in less than 12 months. Heat Pipe A heat pipe can transfer up to 100 times more thermal energy than copper, the best known con- ductor. In other words, heat pipe is a thermal energy absorbing and transferring system and have no moving parts and hence require minimum maintenance. Figure 8.7 Heat Pipe The Heat Pipe comprises of three elements - a sealed container, a capillary wick structure and a working fluid. The capillary wick structure is integrally fabricated into the interior sur- face of the container tube and sealed under vacuum. Thermal energy applied to the external surface of the heat pipe is in equilibrium with its own vapour as the container tube is sealed under vacuum. Thermal energy applied to the external surface of the heat pipe causes the work- ing fluid near the surface to evaporate instantaneously. Vapour thus formed absorbs the latent heat of vapourisation and this part of the heat pipe becomes an evaporator region. The vapour then travels to the other end the pipe where the thermal energy is removed causing the vapour to condense into liquid again, thereby giving up the latent heat of the condensation. This part of the heat pipe works as the condenser region. The condensed liquid then flows back to the evaporated region. A figure of Heat pipe is shown in Figure 8.7 Performance and Advantage The heat pipe exchanger (HPHE) is a lightweight compact heat recovery system. It virtually does not need mechanical maintenance, as there are no moving parts to wear out. It does not need input power for its operation and is free from cooling water and lubrication systems. It also lowers the fan horsepower requirement and increases the overall thermal efficiency of the system. The heat pipe heat recovery systems are capable of operating at 315°C. with 60% to 80% heat recovery capability. 8. Waste Heat Recovery Bureau of Energy Efficiency 181PDF Image | WASTE HEAT RECOVERY Classification
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