Waste Heat Recovery from Diesel Engine Exhaust ORC

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Waste Heat Recovery from Diesel Engine Exhaust ORC ( waste-heat-recovery-from-diesel-engine-exhaust-orc )

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Energies 2020, 13, 5914 6 of 15 temperature probes were installed at the points of the evaporator inlet and outlet, the condenser inlet and outlet, and the expander inlet and outlet. Meanwhile, at the evaporator inlet and outlet, N-type temperature probes were installed to measure the temperature of the gas. Between the pump and evaporator, there was a flow meter for measuring the mass flow rates of organic substance; at the inlet of the diesel engine, an air mass flow and an oil consumption meter were installed for calculating the exhaust mass flow rate also. In addition, an eddy current dynamometer was connected by a coupling to a single-screw expander for measuring the rotational speed and calculating the power output. The instrumentation and the propagated uncertainties are listed in Table 3. Component Expander Evaporator Condenser Pump Parameters Temperature Pressure Mass flow rate Torque Rotational speed 3. Data Processing Table 2. Characteristics of the components of the ORC system. Characteristics Single-screw expander with CP type Diameter of screw and gaterotor: 155 × 10−3 m Center distance: 124 × 10−3 m Grave number of screws: 6 Tooth number of gaterotor: 11 Shell and tube heat exchanger with spiral titanium tube and baffles Overall dimensions: Φ 500 × 10−3 m × 1500 × 10−3 m Heat exchange area: 12 m2 Heat input capacity: 152 kW Aluminum multi-channel parallel type condenser with 2 tube sides Overall dimensions: (980 × 10−3 m) × (980 × 10−3 m) × (1255 × 10−3 m) Heat transfer area in air side: 90 m2 Heat rejection capacity: 150 kW GRUNDFOS multi-stage centrifugal pump: CR5-32 Designed volume flow: 2.98 m3/h Designed head: 205 m Table 3. Instrumentation and propagated uncertainties. Instrument PT100 N-type SMP131 Rotameter of H250 Oil consumption meter of FC2210 Thermal gas mass flow meter of 20N150 GW40 eddy current dynamometer GW40 eddy current dynamometer Accuracy ±0.5 ◦C ±1.5 ◦C ±0.5% ±1.0% ±0.4% ±1% ±0.2% ±1 rpm Full Scale −80 ∼ 300 ◦C 0 ∼ 800 ◦C 0 ∼ 2 MPa 25 ∼ 100 L/min 0.1 ∼ 2 kg/min 0 ∼ 2400 kg/h 0 ∼ 160 N × m 0 ∼ 10,000 rpm At every state, the temperature T and pressure p were measured. Meanwhile, the mass flow q. different states was equal to the value at the inlet of the evaporator, which was measured by a rotameter. The enthalpy h and entropy s were taken from the property diagram of R123. The exergy analysis grey box model of the ORC system is shown as Figure 4 and the detailed procedure for calculating and applying the exergetic balance is given in Appendix A. m at

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