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Energies 2020, 13, 5914 11 of 15 Figure 12. Exergetic efficiency of the ORC system. Almost all the literature about the exergy performance of ORC systems has been obtained through a mathematical model. These models are always developed for regenerative systems, cascade systems, and series systems. In such systems, a better thermal match is obtained between the source and ORC fluid. Therefore, the exergy performance obtained in this literature is greater than that obtained in this paper. From the insights gained through this study, the next step identified is to analyze the influence of different working fluids on the system’s performance including; R245fa, ethanol, zeotropic mixtures, and so on. The performance would be improved by using ethanol or a zeotropic mixture. However, there are many significant problems that need to be solved before using them, such as composition change caused by leakage, which is the subject of further studies. 5. Conclusions In this study, the effects on the exergy performance indices of different components of an ORC system were investigated and the following results were obtained: • The exergy losses of the evaporator are almost 60 kW at different evaporation pressures; the corresponding exergy loss rate is from 69.1% to 65.1% and accounts for the most of the total exergy loss rate. • The expander ’s maximum shaft efficiency and exergetic efficiency are 49.8% and 38.4%, respectively. Increasing the performance of the expander can increase the power output, and then the system’s performance is increased also. • The exergy losses and exergy loss rate of the pump and pipe are less than 0.5 kW and 1%, respectively, the effects of which on the system’s performance can be ignored. The exergy losses of the evaporator are almost 60 kW at different evaporation pressures, corresponding to exergy loss rates of 69.1% to 65.1% and accounting for the most of the total exergy loss rate. Reducing the average temperature difference between the organic fluid and exhaust is significant for reducing the exergy losses of an evaporator. To achieve this, new organic fluids, especially those that can match the exhaust gas temperature profile better, should be investigated in future.PDF Image | Waste Heat Recovery from Diesel Engine Exhaust ORC
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