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2.4.6 Plate Heat Exchangers Plate Heat Exchangers use metal plates as heat exchanging surfaces. They differ from conventional heat exchangers as they utilize more surface area for heat exchange process than any other WHR system. 2.4.7 Run around coil exchangers A run-around coil exchanger connects the hot and cold reservoirs of a process system by pipework, where the hot fluid usually runs inside the tube coil while the cold fluid occupies the space around the tube coil. 2.4.8 Waste heat recovery boilers Waste heat recovery boilers are used to capture heat energy directly from a waste heat source like exhaust gas. The hot waste fluid passes around consecutive tube bundles such as economizer, evaporator and superheater, while inside the tubes water is flowing and steam is being produced. Alternatively, thermal oil may be heated up on the secondary side of the heat exchanger without boiling. Waste heat recovery arrangements may also be involved in utilizing low-temperature heat with the help of advanced systems such as heat pumps and thermocompressors. 2.5 ApplicationofExhaustGasBoilersforheatrecovery Caterpillar 16CM32 engine units at APE fall into the category of medium speed marine engines with a shaft rotational speed of 750 rpm. A typical medium speed marine engine loses approximately as much as 30% of it’s heat energy with exhaust gas. The engine units at APE are turbocharged and the exhaust gas turbochargers are capable of recovering some of this heat loss but most of the waste heat energy is lost with the exhaust gas. Exhaust Gas Boilers (EGB) meant for medium speed engine heat recovery systems are designed to capture heat energy from engine exhaust gas at medium temperature levels and limited pressure loss. Therefore EGBs are designed with finned or pinned boiler tubes at the gas side in order to effectively capture and transfer heat from relatively high quantities of flue gas. The effectiveness of an EGB largely depends on the condition of the heat transferring surface. Therefore periodic soot blowing of the boiler is essential to keep the heat transferring surface free from soot deposits which may decrease steam production considerably and could lead to a soot fire if unattended for a considerable period. The application of a typical heat recovery system used onboard a ship employing a medium speed marine engine is given in Figure 2.7. The waste heat from the engine exhaust gas is converted to steam energy and a steam turbine is driven from it in turn driving an alternator to produce electricity. The generated steam is also used for onboard process heating and whenever the steam production exceeds the demand the excess steam is dumped to a dumping condenser. 10PDF Image | waste heat recovery steam power system for ACE Embilipitiya
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