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Energies 2020, 13, 6256 8 of 19 of the heat pump load curve, t′ the heat pump can be directly used as the supply water of the heating network. 3. When PX < Pd < PY: hp po ≥ t′ , the heater can be stopped at this time, and the outlet water of Under the condition of low outdoor temperature, the heat pump is limited by its own performance. When the outdoor temperature is high, the heat pump will be limited by the heating load of the heating network. Therefore, it could only run at design power within a part of the outdoor temperature range. The actual power curve of the heat pump is shown as curve X-C1-C2-Z in Figure 5. In the X-C1-C2 section of the heat pump load curve, the heating supply system that connects the absorption heat pump and the heater in series can meet the heating demand, as shown in Figure 1a. Just like the curve B2-Z, in the C2-Z section of heat pump load curve, the outlet water of the heat pump can be directly used as the supply water of the heating network. 4. When Pd = PY: When the outdoor temperature is low, limited by its own performance, the actual thermal load of the heat pump cannot reach the design power. When the outdoor temperature is high, the heat pump will be limited by the heating load of the heating network. Therefore, it could only run at the design power at point Y, and the actual power curve of heat pump is shown as curve X-Y-Z in Figure 5. In the X-Y section of heat pump load curve, the heating supply system that connects the absorption heat pump and the heater in series can meet the heating demand, as shown in Figure 1a. Just like the curve C2-Z, in the Y-Z section of heat pump load curve, the outlet water of the heat pump can be directly used as the supply water of the heating network. Furthermore, it is assumed that the maximum heating load of the heating supply system without the heat pump is P0, then the relationship between PX, PY, PZ, and P0 is as follows. COP−1 PZ=Qh,rP0+ COP PZ, (9) t′ −t′ hp pi COP−1 pi P0+ COP PX, (10) t′ −tY PX=t′po−t′ PY = where Qh,r represents the ratio between the minimum and maximum heating load during the heating period, tYpi represents the return water temperature at point Y, and COP represents the coefficient of the performance of the heat pump. When the design supply water temperature is not larger than the outlet water temperature of the heat pump, the system is shown as Figure 1b. When the outdoor temperature is low, the heat pump is not limited by its power curve, but will only be limited by the heating load when the outdoor temperature is high. Thus, its operation mode will be curve A1-A2 or curve B1-B2-Z in Figure 5. In addition, for a certain unit the relationship of the heating power from the extraction steam and the exhaust steam should also be considered so as to analyze whether all the waste heat can be completely recovered. During the heating period, the supplied heating quantity provided by the heat pump can be expressed by the area surrounded by the heat pump load curve, as shown in Figure 5. Based on the above discussion, the relationship between the supplied heating quantity provided by the heat pump and the design power of the heat pump is obtained, as shown in Figure 6. It is worth noting that, during the whole heating period, as the design power of the heat pump increases the heating supply of the heat pump increases first and then tends to be constant. hp pi PX, (11) t′ −t′ hp piPDF Image | Waste Heat Recovery Turbine Exhaust Steam Heat Pump
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