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3. SIMULATION DESCRITION Computer models were built to simulate a simplified ORC in order to test the nine working fluid candidates. This section includes the objectives of the simulation, the simulation assumptions, and an illustration of the model. 3.1. Objectives The objective of the simulation is to find important cycle characteristics for different working fluids in order to assist working fluid selections. First law thermal efficiency is one of these important characteristics, because it shows us the overall performance of the cycle. However, we are interested in the total performance of the whole system including the engine and the ORC (how much work is increased by adding the ORC) regardless of the cycle performance in many cases. The total performance is better to be shown as the total amount of work produced by the cycle, because the engine is unknown in this project. First law efficiency and amount of work produced are the two major concerns in my model. Besides these two characteristics, we are also interested in the maximum and minimum pressures in the cycle, because these will determine the feasibility of the cycle. We also want to know the mass flow rates of the working fluid in the cycle and the coolant in the condenser, which reflects the size of the cycle and determines whether the cycle is suitable for vehicle use. In addition, the exhaust gas temperature variations should be captured in the model, because the engine works at different conditions. In short, the objective of this model is to find the first law thermal efficiency of the cycle, the amount of work produced by the cycle, the maximum and minimum pressures (pressure profiles) in the cycle, the mass flow rate of the working fluid in the cycle, the mass flow rate of the coolant in the condenser, while capturing the exhaust gas temperature variations. 3.2. Assumptions and Limits In order to simplify the model, assumptions and limits were made. These assumptions and limits are subject to a sensitivity study in section 5. Figure 3 shows the assumptions and limits made on the model. Figure 3 is based on Figure 1 (b). Temperature profile of the exhaust gas in the counter-flow evaporator and that of the coolant in the counter-flow condenser are also shown on Figure 3. 10PDF Image | Working Fluid Selections in Organic Rankine Cycle ICE
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