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Standard 011 of Ohio (Sohio) has undertaken to continue the development of the Redox system. An exclusive patent license was obtained from NASA by Sohio. The transfer of the Redox technology from Lewis to Sohlo Is supported by the NASA Technology Utilizatlon Office. lNTRODUC1ION lhe NASA Redox Storage System Technology Project was begun at the Lewls Research Center in 1973. The endeavor was an outgrowth of the fuel cell devel- opment work carried out a t Lewis d u ~ i n gthe Apollo project. The in-house bilities in the area of electrochemical systems, which resulted from this support of the Apollo project, were seen to be directly applicable to the restrial need for bulk storage of electrical energy. This need was newly ceived a t that time and grew out of the o i l embargo. The increase i n the of hydrocarbon fuels, resulting from the embargo. placed a premium on the cient use of these fuels. Adequate storage devices for off-peak electrical energy would a l l w the electric utilities to maximize the use of their most efflclent base-load plants. Storage would also allow bulk purchasers of elec-- t r i c l y to minimize their demand charges. Finally storage devices would permit the use of stand-alone intermittent energy sources such as photovoltaic cells and wind turbines. In 1975 the Energy Research and Development Agency (ERDA) began support of the NASA Redox project. Subsequently, the Department of Energy, f i r s t under Agreement Lewis con- DOE funds. DOE/NASA Agreement EC-77-A-31-1002 and then l a t e r under PE-AI04-80AL12726 continued t h i s support through 1982. The work a t tinued u n t i l early 1984, uslng previously authorized but Interagency uncomnitted The Redox project at Lewis was supported In-house by the Electrochemistry Branch of the Space Power and Technology Division. I t was managed by the DOE Divlston of Energy Storage Technology through the Sandla National Laboratories' (SNL) Exploratory Technology Development Project. The objectives of the Redox project were to develop the Redox storage system technology and to verify !ts suitability, from both the technical and economic standpoints, for use In util- i t y or stand-a?one applications. The Redox storage system and its development were based on an original concept that was patented a t Lewis. After the selection of the Iron and chrom- ium redox couples as the positive and negative reactants. respectively, much of the ensuing e f f o r t focused on the development of suitable membranes, elec- trodes, and electrode catalysts. In parallel with this, system concepts were developed and scaled-up single cells were evaluated, as were multicell stacks of these scaled-up c e l l s . The system-level work culminated i n the assembly and testing of a 1-kW, 13-kwh system that was used as the storage device for a photovoltaic array. The system design work and associated cost analyses were supported by contracted modeling studies. I n 1981, a t the directton of the SNL praject manager, the system- level effort was halted In order to focus on dlfficulties with the basic electro- chemical performance of the iron-chromium single c e l l . This redirection sub- sequently led to an understanding of the causes of the difflcultles and to modifications fcr their circumvention. These modifications to the basic oper- ating concept resulted i n a threefold increase i n the operating current density capa- ter- per- cost e f f l -PDF Image | NASA Redox Storage System Development Project
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