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of battery applications, which are contradictory in some cases, such as high fluidity vs high dielectric constant [16]. The characteristics of an ideal solvent are: showing high dielectric constant to dissolve large salt concentrations, low viscosity for improving ion transport, being inert to all cell components and remaining in liquid state in a wide temperature range [16]. The non-aqueous solvents most used in electrolyte solutions belong to the classes of organic esters and ethers [17]: ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) [18-21]. The differences between the aforementioned solvents are mainly the melting temperature (-74.3oC-36.4oC), viscosity (0.50 cP-2.53 cP) and dielectric constant (2.8-90) [16]. The solvents can introduce modifications in the polymer matrix that can severely affect the battery performance [22]. In this chapter, the recent advances in separator membranes for lithium-ion battery applications based on synthetic polymers are presented and discussed, together with a general outlook on this field. 2. Membrane structure and characteristics for lithium-ion batteries The separator membrane is a key element in all lithium-ion batteries systems, as it allows to control the movement of ions between the anode and the cathode during charge and discharge of the battery [23]. The most commonly used separator types are microporous membranes, nonwoven membranes, electrospun membranes, membranes with external surface modification, composites membranes and polymer blends [23, 24]. The main parameters that determine the performance of the separator are permeability, porosity/pore size, electrolyte absorption and retention, chemical, mechanical and thermal stability and high ionic conductivity [15, 16]. All parameters are essential in the separator membrane, but the main issue is related to its morphology, as it correlates with the value of ion conductivity, mechanical properties, wettability and, consequently, battery performance [25]. Recently, biopolymers 4PDF Image | Synthetic Polymer-based Membrane for Lithium Ion
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