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In the field of polymer membranes for Li-ion battery separators the characterization is typically directed towards specific structural and functional properties that represent fundamental requirements for membranes performance as battery separator. It is important to keep in mind that the main function of a battery separator is to prevent physical contact between the electrodes while allowing the ion flow through its structure [92]. Some of these properties, as well as the techniques used for their determination are addressed in this section. 4.1 Thickness The definition of a polymer membrane thickness for Li-ion battery separators requires a sensitive commitment between electrical and mechanical performance of the material. On the one hand a low thickness ensures high energy and power density, but at the same time thin membranes can compromise the mechanical strength of the membrane and consequently the safety of the system. The standard thickness for commercial separators is around 20-25 μm, additionally thickness uniformity is essential for the performance and long cycle life of the battery [23, 51, 93, 94]. The thickness can be measured by the standard method D645/D645M- 97 [95] of the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM). 4.2 Pore size and distribution The pore size of the polymer membranes for Li-ion separators is an essential requirement for battery operation, the pores should be small enough to block the penetration of particles constituting electrode materials, such as active materials or conductive additives. Pores in the sub-micron range (< 1 μm) have proven to be adequate for a good battery performance reducing the possibility of internal short circuit. A homogeneous pore distribution along the polymer matrix and a good interconnection between the pores is also of utmost importance since it ensures uniform current distribution through the separator and inhibits 15PDF Image | Synthetic Polymer-based Membrane for Lithium Ion
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