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Figure 5.12 - Membrane preparation process of PEEK [133]. Through this method, it is possible to control pore size and porosity and these membranes in order to improve electrolyte uptake, porosity, ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability [133]. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning technique confirming that the porosity of the separators is essential to tailor the electrochemical performance of batteries, and that the tensile strength plays a key role in the winding operation during battery assembly [134]. PAN nanofibrous membranes were produced in one step by electrospinning of the ternary system of PAN/DMF/H2O with phase separation mechanism, leading to fibers with an average diameter of 700–800 nm [142]. This separator membrane shows a higher air permeability value than the Celgard PP separators, leading also to hihgler porosity, interconnected pores and ionic conductivity [142]. In summary, synthetic polymers are widely used for battery separators, the most prominent being PVDF and its copolymers and polyolefins (PP and PE). Typically, the further work on those polymers in focus on improving processing techniques for morphology control and surface treatment / modification. 36PDF Image | Synthetic Polymer-based Membrane for Lithium Ion
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