Investigation of metal-insulator transition in magnetron sputtered samarium nickelate thin films

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Investigation of metal-insulator transition in magnetron sputtered samarium nickelate thin films ( investigation-metal-insulator-transition-magnetron-sputtered )

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4.2 Raman scattering processes Figure 4.12: Temperature dependence of chosen Raman mode in sample S-42Aw - Band position of most intense mode in the spectra versus temperature is depicted. Initial minor increase in position soon changes into rapid softening of the mode down to a critical point at about 408 K. With further increase of temperature the position of the mode moves back in the direction of higher wavenumbers. On the left, Raman spectra at specific temperatures are shown together with the fittings. Arrows above the analysed band indicate the direction of changes of its position above the inherent temperature. In much thinner S-12AOw film the Raman modes displayed a high half-width and strongly overlapped each other. Whereas for thicker films such as S-42Aw or S-36AOw the spectra show a better resolution with distinct Raman modes. Temperature variation of the Raman spectra in S-12AOw sample show that there is a slight softening of various modes (see figures 4.14 and 4.15). For example a mode around 400 cm−1 and actually the whole massif 400 - 450 cm−1 does experience slight shift towards lower wave numbers and also their intensity relative to the massif 200 - 350 cm−1 does decrease with temperature increase. The latter massif presents a bit different behaviour. While mode at about 330 cm−1 softens with temperature increase, the mode at about 230 cm−1 shifts towards higher wave numbers. The mode at 270 cm−1 is observed to strongly lower its intensity at about 413 - 423 K. Also the overall spectral .weight proportions between the 103

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